Bullying And Its Effect On Children - 1533 Words

Bullying can happen anywhere and to anyone whether it is online or in person. It can happen at school, in your neighborhood, or while your on-line. â€Å"Bullying is when someone is being hurt by words or by actions on purpose.† â€Å"Cyberbullying is using technology - internet, email, cell phones, social media, pictures - to hurt or harm someone.† It can have a major effect on the bully and the victim both. But, bullying is not just name calling, it is also teasing, spreading rumors, leaving someone out on purpose, or talking about someone or hurting someone. Bullying is a big deal and has ruined many lives of children who are just my age. Teaching kids about bullying is very important so they will know what to do if they are being bullied or†¦show more content†¦Many bullies either got picked on themselves or have a bad home life so they need to make other people s lives bad also. There are also some bullies that just pick on kids to get attention or they th ink that it is cute. If a bully does not have a lot of stuff that other people have, they feel the need to pick on other kids so that they can stand out and fit in. Bullies do not realize is how much picking on someone can affect them. Similarities/Differences Cyberbullying and bullying have many similarities but do not have very much differences. The similarities of cyberbullying and face-to-face bullying are as simple as them both being some form of bullying. There are different levels of bullying however. Such as the first level being you simply calling someone a name. The next level would be them going from calling them a name once, to them calling them a name everyday. If it continues to get worse and worse than it may even get to the point where they start physically bullying them. Some get as bad as the bully beating them up. But all bullying is bad and not okay. You can hurt people really badly, no matter how much you do it and no matter if it is behind a screen or not. That s why the answer to my research question - Is cyberbullying as bad as face-to-face? - is yes. â€Å"Both are bullying that can cause harmful effects.† But, the bully seems as if they are more bold behind a computerShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of Bullying on Children1344 Words   |  5 Pages Bullying in schools is believed to be a normal part of school life, however, when people begin to have this mentality, they forget that bullying is physically and psychologically harmful to both the bully and the victim, therefore, bullying must be eradicated from schools by raising awareness and increasing supervision. The act of bullying or the fear of being bullied underlies almost everything kids do these days. No longer can students leave the gossip and self-doubt at school and go home forRead MoreBullying And Its Effects On Children1413 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Bullying is considered to be aggressive behavior that is repeated or has the potential to be repeated, over a period of time. The actions of bullying can include spreading rumors, making threats, verbally or physically attacking someone, or purposely isolating someone from a group. As children attempt to make sense of traumatic events, new behavioral problems can stem from re-experienced occurrences. Some children affected may disassociate themselves from the situations and absorb themselvesRead MoreBullying And Its Effects On Children1476 Words   |  6 Pagesseveral decades, bullying has spread significantly. It has been present all over the world for as long as people can remember. And when technology was released, it created new ways for people to communicate, which made bullying become even worse than before. Adults, teenagers, and children that are all the same are being bullied. Bullying can take form in many different ways, as well as it can affect the victim, and people ar e also able to stop the behavior. THE TYPES OF BULLYING A bullying victim canRead MoreBullying And Its Effects On Children1181 Words   |  5 PagesBullying is unwanted behavior that causes a child to feel isolated and alone. In order for an act to be considered bullying the act has to be, or be able to be repeated multiple times. Bullying can be done verbally by teasing, name-calling, taunting or inappropriate sexual comments directed at someone to purposefully upset them. Bullying can be done socially by isolating students on purpose, telling other students not to play with them, spreading rumors about students or attempting to embarrassRead MoreBullying And Its Effect On Children1528 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Bullying can happen anywhere and to anyone whether it is online or in person. It can happen at school, in your neighborhood, or while your on-line. â€Å"Bullying is when someone is being hurt by words or by actions on purpose.† â€Å"Cyberbullying is using technology - internet, email, cell phones, social media, pictures - to hurt or harm someone.† It can have a major effect on the bully and the victim both. But, bullying is not just name calling, it is also teasing, spreading rumors, leavingRead MoreBullying And Its Effect On Children1366 Words   |  6 Pagescausing this behavior. Primary school is an especially tough time for our young ones. If educators are really looking to put an end to bullying, they have to attack it from the root of the problem (Linder-Altman). What a child is wearing will not get them bullied, it depends on the bully. Making uniforms mandatory in efforts to decrease bullying, only teaches our children that the only way to be accepted is by conforming which is not what we should be pushing for. It’s important to attack the problemRead MoreBullying And Its Effects On Children864 Words   |  4 PagesKerianna Rimmer Have you ever been bullied? Have you ever bullied someone? Bullying has become a huge issue. It is occurring all across the world. There are a few different types of bullying, which I will be discussing. First, bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among children. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential of being repeated. Both kids who bully and are bullied may have serious, lasting problems. Bullying is a form of behavior in which someone repeatedly and intentionally causesRead MoreBullying And Its Effects On Children1990 Words   |  8 Pagesmore than 160,000 children miss school out of fear of being bullied, according to National Education Association estimates. Bullying takes many forms, ranging from the seemingly innocuous name-calling to the more harmful cyberbullying to severe physical violence. It happens everywhere, at all times to the most vulnerable of kids, especially those who are obese, gay or have a disability. And besides the physical, emotional and psychological tolls it imposes on victims, bullying produces adverse socioeconomicRead MoreBullying And Its Effect On Children1144 Words   |  5 PagesBullying is found in elementary, middle, and high school all around the world. School bullying occurs at similar rates such as cultures, countries and educational settings. It can take many direct and indirect forms, like physical violence, name calling, taunting, teasing, horrible rumors, and social exclusion. Since the late 90’s, several school shootings committed by the victims of the school bullying have brought media attention to the issue. First, bullying depends upon imbalance of power,Read MoreBullying And Its Effect On Children1072 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many non-violent ways in which a Christian should respond to any type of bullying. These can include physical bullying, social bullying, cyberbullying and many more. Bullying is the act of intentionally harming others through harassment, assault or manipulation. Source A is an example of how a student had been bullied in grade school. When they got to a bigger school called Junior High, they had less chance to interact. One day that student had come to the cafeteria where the other student

From High School to College - 641 Words

Background: â€Å"My Case Study†: It had been awhile since I had watched it, but a few years ago I watched an episode of the Big Bang Theory titled The Gothowitz Deviation that I thought was absolutely hilarious (as are all of them). In this particular episode, Sheldon begins feeding Penny chocolates whenever she behaves well. He is positively reinforcing her good behavior, and goes on to say that he is applying mild operant conditioning. Leonard is furious at this, and tells Sheldon he is forbidden from continuing to do this to Penny. Sheldon refuses and squirts Leonard in the face with a squirt bottle, a form of negative reinforcement (Aronsohn, Rosenstock, Cendrowski, 2009). Sheldon’s conditioning of Penny seemed so absurd to me back then How could we, as complex humans, be susceptible to such mild conditioning? We are after all far more intelligent than other organisms, right? We may think we are above operant conditioning, but as B. F. Skinner believed, we can be trained to replicate desirable behavior s through positive reinforcement (Myers, 2013). According to Myers (2013) organisms are also most likely to be successfully reinforced by an act that they naturally perform, with the experimenter determining whether it is a beneficial behavior or a detrimental behavior. So it would seem that natural behaviors, when positively reinforced, create a lasting stimulus as long as repetition continues. Sometimes this method of operant conditioning can be beneficial, such asShow MoreRelatedThe Transition From High School Into College897 Words   |  4 Pages The transition from high school into college can be one that many students can struggle with. There are so many things that have to be adjusted to that things can seem overwhelming at times. This is something that those who choose to go to college have to go through though. 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COMPASSION Essay Example For Students

COMPASSION Essay Huck Finn is a timeless classic that is enjoyed by readers of all ages. Mark Twain manages to convey a theme of COMPASSION Essay and unexpected kindness through the actions of a young adolescent boy who dares to defy his societys primitive and judgmental values. At the beginning of the story Huck is placed in an okward position when he is sworn to silence about Jim desition to flee from slavery. In Hucks mind he knows that what he is doing is wrong and if anyone found out he would be punished. But at the time Huck wasnt thinking about what would happen to Jim because he didnt see him as an equal. Growing up in a society that thinks of blacks as animal and nothing else Huck didnt seem to care about his soon to be black friend. The first sign of compassion that Huck expressed is the fact that he stuck with Jim on their trek down the Mississippi. If anyone saw a black man on a raft by himself they would lynch him and Huck knew that. For the next week or so Jim and Huck spent their time getting to know each other. The longer they were together the closer they got and the more attached Huck became. Huck still saw himself as being better than Jim but as they traveled down the river the further Huck came to breaking through that social train of thought instilled in him by everyone he has ever known. Huck realized that when he decided that he would go to hell for Jim. Huck saw that Jim was another person and not just some animal put on this earth to do work for white men. I think that Mark Twain was trying to show people that there is more to a person than just the color of there skin. Even growing up in a place that condemned black people Huck was able to over come that. .

Organisational Study of Birla Corporation Ltd. free essay sample

ORGANIZATION STUDY OF BIRLA CEMENTS(SATNA DIVISION) Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION of the Mahatma Gandhi University. Submitted by VISHNU VB 10313 Under the guidance of Mr. Umesh Neelakandan October 2010 DC School of Management and Technology Pullikkanam, Vagamon, Idukki 685503 Tel: 04869 – 248322, 248323 DECLARATION I hereby declare that the organization study of ‘Birla cements(SATNA Division)’ submitted to Mahatma Gandhi University is a record of the original work done by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Pramod Kumar and no part of it has been submitted earlier for any Degree, Post Graduation or similar of any other university or institution. Place : PullikkanamSignature : DateName : VISHNU VB CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the organization study titled †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. is a bonafide record of the work done by Mr†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3rd semester MBA Student of DC School of Management and Technology, submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Masters Degree in Business Administration of Mahatma Gandhi University , Kottayam, Kerala. Faculty Guide Principal Date : Place : Pullikkanam ____________________________________________________________ ____________ Examiner IExaminer II Signature Name Date Signature Name Date Certificate Acknowledgement I feel great pleasure in expressing my sincere gratitude to all those personalities without whose help this work couldn’t reach its completion. I acknowledge my sincere and profound gratitude to my guide Sir, UMESH NEELAKANDAN for providing me necessary formal sanction required for carrying out the study and also for his valuable guidance at each and every stage of the project without which this project wouldn’t have been have been a reality. I express my deep sense of gratitude to SUJITH TIWARI,HR Manager, Birla Corporation ltd, Satna, Madhyapradesh for giving me an opportunity to conduct the study by giving me valuable information and suggestions. I express my deep sense of gratitude to all the employees in the organization for giving their valuable support for the study. I would like to extend my sincere gratitude to all teaching, non teaching and library staff of DCSMAT for their constant support and co-operation Last but not least, my special debt to all respondent who have replied me to bring out this work successfully Above all, I thank God mighty for his grace, mercy and unseen guidance throughout without which this project would not have been possible. VISHNU VB INDEX 1DECLERATION 2ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 3INDEX 4CHAPTER ONE, INTRODUCTION7-8 51. 1IMPORTANCE OF STUDY9 61. 2 OBJECTIVES OF STUDY10 71. 3 METHODOLOGY11 81. 4 LIMITATIONS12 1CHAPTER TWO INDUSTRY PROFILE 122. 1 CEMENT INDUSTRY 132. 2 GLOBAL SCENARIO 152. 3 INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 162. 4 MAJOR DOMESTIC PLAYERS 172. 5 TOP TEN COMPANIES IN INDIA 18CHAPTER THREE COMPANY PROFILE 193. 1 BIRLA CORPORATION LTD 203. 2 HISTORY OF BIRLA CEMENTS(SATNA CEMENT DIVISION) 213. 3 CEMENT DIVISIONS UNDER BIRLA 223. 4 BUSINESS STRATEGY 233. 5 COMPANY PROFILE 243. 6 ADMINISTRATION SETUP 253. 7 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE 263. 8 DIFFERENT DEPATMENTS 273. 9 PROJECTS UNDERTAKEN 283. 10 FUTURE EXPANSION 293. 11 CORPORATE MISSION 303. 12 CORPORATE VISION CHAPTER FOUR SWOT ANALYSIS 4. 1 STRENGTH 4. 2 WEAKNESS 4. 3 OPPOURTUNITIES 4. 4 THREATS CHAPTER FIVE 5. 1 FINDINGS 5. 2 SUGGESTIONS 5. 3 CONCLUSION 5. 4 BIBLIOGRAPHY CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION An Organization Study means study of a particular Organization in detail, their operations, various departments of the firm, the way company works and the integration between the departments and their role in achieving the Organizational Objectives. Although it seems as a very simple and easy process it has its own advantage in giving a firsthand knowledge about an organization to a student. This firsthand knowledge could help the student in the future studies to link the theory learned and direct experience. Birla corporation ltd;a multi activity company and pioneer in many fields is committed to development of the nation with widespread operations spanning the whole country and beyond. The company’s turnover exceeds rs. 1900 crore in a diverse range of product which include Jute synthetic yarn, cement ,calcium, calcium carbide, industrial gases, Vinoleum floor covergings, PVC-coated cloth wallpapers as well as Auto trims(jute felt based car interiors manufactured with german technology). athered from the industry. 1. 1 IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY. The study is about the major department and functioning of BIRLA CEMENTS, SATNA,MP. The study is mainly based on the details collected from each department. Each and every activities of the company is studied very carefully with the data available. This study is very beneficial to the future managers as they are put into the real life situations. A study on all the departments can help to improve the process and there by an overall improvements in the company’s performance can be made. The study will give an idea how effectively the client can utilize the services offered by BIRLA and how much satisfied they are. 1. 1. OBJECTIVES OF STUDY ?To understand about the organization. ?To get the practical awareness about organization ?To learn about the policies and functions of the organization ? To study about various department and its function ?To acquire knowledge about the managerial aspect of the firm ? To club the theoretical knowledge with the practical observations ? To build suggestions according to my knowledge. ?To analyze the present status and future strategy of the company ? To understand the different products and their position on the market ? To understand the objectives and the achievement of the organization. 1. 3RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The research is a process of defining and redefining problems, formulating hypothesis, collecting, organizing and evaluation of data to reach conclusions to see whether the formulated hypothesis matches with the conclusion. Research is actually search for knowledge or broadening the area of knowledge. It aims at discovering the truth. The very purpose of research is to find out the truth by systematic methods. research need not lead to an ideal solution. It’s done to find out new facts or to verify old ones METHODOLOGY USED IN DATA COLLECTION In this study, the following methods are used for collecting the data: 1. Primary Data The primary data are those collected by the investigation himself for the first time and thus is original in character. The primary data collected through: ? personal interview These are v ery useful to know about the personal opinion of the employees regarding their job problems. The success of this method largely depends on the proper drafting of questions. ?Observation This method implies the collection of information by way of researchers own observation. The information obtained relates to what is currently happening in the organization . The study needed to have a personal visit to the different departments of the company. †¢Direct interview with managers. †¢Direct interview with workers. †¢Through direct observation 2. Secondary Data It is the data are already available. In this project study the researcher has taken information from text book , magazine , internet and website of the organization as a source of secondary data. ?Published sources ?Official websites of the company,News paper magazine ? 1. 4. LIMITATION. ?Some of the data were treated confidential and hence refused to disclose ? Most of the data’s were collected through interviews and so the information is subjected to be biased. ?The information provided by the company is mainly assumed to be authentic. ?Time was limited, so it was not possible to make an extensive study. CHAPTER 2 INDUSTRY PROFILE . 1 CEMENT INDUSTRY INDIAN CEMENT INDUSTRY Backdrop The Indian cement industry also went through an extremely turbulent phase in the backdrop of a global economic slowdown revealing that the industry was now globally linked and was impacted by developments in international markets. As per the Ninth Plan (1997-2005) cement production targets the industry had started investing in fresh capacity. While the installed capacity of the industry went up to 35 MT, a slowdown in almost all industrial segments of the Indian Economy and depressed global demand resulted in mismatch between installed capacity and demand. This led to a crash in cement prices, which meant ever-decreasing price realization for all major cement producers. All major producers barring Sagar cement went into red and in 1999-2000 questions were being asked whether the cement industry would survive. 2. 2GLOBAL SCENARIO The cement industry, in general, is on the upswing, due to strong growth in demand propelled particularly by the demand for cement in China. The world scenario coupled with strong domestic demand has benefited the Indian cement Industry. The Indian economy remained upbeat during the year with brisk industrial activity in major cement consuming sectors like automobile and consumer durables. In line with global trends, domestic prices too ruled firm for the second year running India presently is going through an economic up-turn and at this particular time in the nations development, considerable attention is being paid to the creation of adequate infrastructure to meet the countrys development needs. Industry is also experiencing robust growth in several sectors and Indias agricultural sector has continued to show growth with improved productivity and product quality. It can therefore be assumed that if these trends continue, India will continue to enjoy healthy economic growth for some years to come. The demand for cement in India therefore, should continue to rise, both in construction cement and in flat products used in the automotive and consumer product sectors India also has a specific advantage in that its iron ore and related mineral resources are plentiful, which will provide the Indian steel industry with a particular global advantage. Starting with just the same level of production of less than 10 million tones in 1949 as India, Chinas cement production had gone ahead by leaps and bounds to 272 million tones as against Indias not more than 38 million tones in 2005-06. This is obviously because Chinas annual cement production was spread over a large number of big and small cement units while Indias production came mostly from the bigger, integrated and state-owned cement plants. The scene began changing only in recent years with more and more privately owned cement plants stepping into the arena under the policy of globalization. Among the reasons why this happened was that accelerated industrial and even agricultural production in China brought a huge increase in cement consumption while this did not happen in India. Indias cement industry will have to import its entire requirements of coking coal within 25 years from now since the country would by then have run out of its reserves. The excess global availability of cement with almost every country, including the developed and the developing, having gone over to the production of the metal and along with a sluggish world demand throws a big challenge to Indias cement industry. Among the challenges faced by the cement industry in India and also the rest of the world is the emergence of not only other light metals like aluminum and plastics in spite of the latter being not environment-friendly. Government Protection for Indian cement Industry Cement industry does not enjoy any unreasonable protection from the Government. Import duty on cement was reduced from 25% to 20% and has been lowered further to 15%. HR cement imports have become cheaper by almost Rs 6000 to Rs 8000. The Government has also suspended DEPB benefits on export of HR cement. The combined effect of this has practically abolished any meaningful protection. An appreciating Rupee has made exports even less viable for the industry and imports continue becoming cheaper. Numerous non-tariff barriers on cement exports have been put in place by other countries. Developed countries like US have imposed high anti-dumping duty as high as 60% on certain varieties of cement. While this is the case with Indian cement industry, user groups such the Indian automobile industry enjoys a high protection with 100% import duty on finished products. Despite these difficulties the Indian cement industry has managed to keep itself competitive. 2. 3 Industry Structure The Indian cement industry can be divided into two distinct producer groups: Major producers: Also known as Integrated cement Producers (ISPs), this group includes large cement producers with high levels of backward integration and capacities of over 1 MT. Industries form this group. Other producers: This group consists of smaller stand-alone cement plants that include producers and processors of cement. Way forward for the Indian cement Industry We should be ready to compete in outside markets†¦If our cement industry gears up in about 3 to 4 years, Indian cement can be both in Indian and foreign markets. Our vision should be towards this. Indian 2020: A vision for the new millennium by APJ Adbul Kalam and YS Rajan The Government envisions India becoming a developed nation by 2020 with a per capita GDP of $1540. For a nation that is economically strong, free of the problems of underdevelopment and plays a meaningful role in the world as befits a nation of over one billion people, the groundwork would have to begin right now. The Indian cement Industry will be required and is willing to play a critical role in achieving this target. With abundant cement resources and well-established base for cement production in the country, cement is poised for growth in the coming decades. Production has increased from 17 MT in 1990 to 38 MT in 2005-06 and 66 MT is targeted for 2011. While cement will continue to have a stronghold in traditional sectors such as construction, housing, ground transportation, special cement will be increasingly used in hi-tech engineering industries such as power generation, petrochemicals, fertilizers etc. Cement will continue to be the most popular, versatile and dominant material for wide ranging applications. While India may not become a leader in world cement market, it can become a powerful force. To help the Indian cement Industry achieves its potential and play a meaningful role in India’s development some steps need to be taken During 2005-06domestic cement production and apparent cement consumption increased by 5. 1% and 7. 1% respectively. Export volume increased by 18%. ement demand is expected to grow at the rate of 8%in the Asia pacific region. For India demand is predicted to grow at the rate of 8% in 2006 and 2007. †¢Cement is yet to touch the lives of millions of people in India. Per capita consumption of cement in India is only 29 kg and has to go a long way to reach consumption levels of around 400 kg in developed countries like USA and world average of 140 kg. †¢There is a need to continue the current thrust on infrastructure related activities and e xtend them to rural India. Rural Indian today presents a challenge for development of the country and the opportunity to increase usage of cement in these areas through projects such as rural housing etc †¢Current shortage of inputs has pushed up the costs for the cement industry. Government should ensure that quality raw material such lime stone and gypsum are available to the industry. With Ministry of cement targeting an output of 110 MT of cement by 2020 there is an urgent need to develop raw material resources for inputs like within or outside the country. Countries like Japan have already taken similar steps to safeguard their industries. †¢Adequate enabling infrastructure such as power, ports, roads, rail transport is pre-requisite for the Indian cement industry to remain competitive. †¢Government should not regulate prices and free market forces should prevail. Intervention by the Government is only a short-term solution to the issue of cement prices in the country. Once left alone, market dynamics will automatically ensure price corrections and determine the optimum price of cement. The Indian cement Industry is amongst the least protected in the world. While developed countries have put numerous tariff and non-tariff barriers on cement exports from the country, the domestic industry is exposed to cheaper imports from competing nations. As in case of other important industries, the Government should give reasonable levels of protection to the domestic cement industry, which is just starting to get back on its feet Industry should be allowed to have a fair return on investment and contribute to the overall health of the Indian manufacturing segment. The cement industry has invested a capital of over Rs 10 cores (for a capacity of 36 mt). in a recent study has concluded that given the large exposure that banks and financial institutions have to the cement industry, a healthy cement sector is in the interest of the economy. Cement industry still continues to be unattractive for investors and a recent study by CRIS INFAC suggests that any new projects with target price below $270/MT will be economically unattractive. Today, Indian producers employ world-class standards of technology. cement from Indian finds growing acceptability in international markets. But despite this India’s share in world trade cement is a miniscule 2%. Given the capabilities of the Indian cement industry there is tremendous scope to increase this share further. While the cement industry will continue servicing the domestic demand there is a lot of untapped export potential with the industry. The Government, in line with EXIM policy 2002-07, should take steps to make Indian exports more competitive. China’s soaring demand (over the past five years China’s demand for cement has risen at more than 15% percent as compared with just 4 percent for the rest of the world . he growth rate in China’s demand for cement is expected to come down to 8 percent during 2003 through 2010) which had revived the long term suffering industry will eventually be satisfied by additional domestic capacity-hardly a long term solution to the fundamental problem of worldwide capacity. The basis for such a conclusion is the estimated lower cost of construction o f cement mills in China by some 30 to 50 percent than comparable facilities in the developed world and the fact that currently the global flat cement industry has at least 100 million tons of overcapacity. Add to this the worry of economists of slower economic growth in China and the fact that the country can become a net exporter with telling effects on future international prices. Adequate steps must be taken right now to make the Indian cement industry more competitive in order to meet these challenges. The Indian cement industry may not be able to afford another crisis similar to the one between 1997-2001. Domestic cement prices moved in tandem with international prices showing a downward trend as compared to the previous year Established in 1985 by its Founder Shri. S. VEERA REDDY is the flagship of Sagar group,, the most trusted corporate name in the country. It has one of the most modern cement making facilities and is also one of the lowest cost producers of cement in the world. It currently produces 2. 5 million tones of cement per annum at its mattampally plant and has recently invested, which has a capacity of about 2. 5 million tones per annum of finished cements. The cement company is focused on the sophisticated projects and the construction sectors. A benchmark in corporate social responsibility and corporate governance, it believes in improving the quality of life of its employees and the communities it serves 2. 4 MAJOR DOMESTIC PLAYERS CompanyInstalled CapacityProduction ACC18,64017,902 Gujarat Ambuja14,86015,094 Ultratech17,00013,707 Grasim14,11514,649 India Cements8,8108,434 JK Group6,6806,174 Jaypee Group6,5316,316 Century Textiles6,3006,636 Madras Cements5,4704,550 Birla Corp. 5,1135,150 Lafarge5,0004,573 Source: ICRA ACC Limited ACC Limited is the oldest and the largest cement manufacturer in the country. The company has a total consolidated capacity in the region of 19 MT (million tonnes) and commands a near 12 per cent industry capacity share. With 14 plants and a 9,000 strong dealer network, ACC is one of the few companies to have a pan-India presence. It is particularly strong in the northern and eastern regions. Gujarat Ambuja (GACL), one of the leading players in the industry, in consortium with Switzerlands Holcim, has acquired over 34 per cent stake in the company. Gujarat Ambuja Cements Ltd. Gujarat Ambuja Cements Ltd was set up in 1986 with the commencement of commercial production at its 2 million tonne plant in Chandrapur, Maharashtra. The group has clinker manufacturing facilities at Himachal Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Punjab and Rajasthan. The company has a strong foothold in the northern and western markets. Gujarat Ambuja is Indias largest cement exporter and one of the most cost efficient firms. Ultratech Cement Limited Ultratech (ULT), an Aditya Birla Group Company and a 51 per cent subsidiary of Grasim, has a consolidated capacity of 17 MT, thus making it the second largest cement producer in the country. The company has presence in western, eastern and southern regions. It has 5 integrated plants, 5 grinding units, and 4 terminals – three in India and one in Sri Lanka. It exports over 3 MT per annum, which is about 30 per cent of the countrys total exports (cement and clinker). India Cements India Cements is a southern player with an installed capacity of about 9 MTPA. The company is the largest producer of cement in the South and a leading exporter. The company has access to huge limestone resources and plans to expand capacity by de-bottlenecking and optimization of existing plants as well as by acquisitions. The company has 7 plants out of which 3 are in Tamilnadu and 4 in Andhra Pradesh. The company caters to all major markets in South India and Maharashtra. The company’s product portfolio comprises of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and Pozzolona Portland Cement (PPC) in the ratio of 53. 4 per cent and 46. per cent. However, the company is increasing its focus on blended cements. MAJOR. GLOBAL PLAYERS Holcim: Swiss cement major Holcim has picked up 14. 8 per cent of the promoters stake in Gujarat Ambuja Cements (GACL). In January 2006, Holderind Investments (Holcim Mauritius), an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Holcim, acquired 200 million equity shares of GACL at a price of US$ 2. 28 per share from the promoters. Earlier, Holcim ha d entered into a strategic alliance with GACL, and acquired a 67 per cent controlling stake in Ambuja Cement India. Through this holding company, Holcim acquired a majority in Ambuja Cement Eastern and a substantial stake in ACC. Holcims acquisition has led to the emergence of two major groups in the Indian cement industry, the Holcim-ACC-Gujarat Ambuja Cements combine (capacity of 33. 5 mt) and the Aditya Birla group through Grasim Industries and Ultratech Cement (combined capacity of 31. 1 mt). Lafarge: The French cement major has acquired the cement plants of Raymond and Tisco in the recent past, and has an installed capacity of 5 mtpa. Its current cement operation comprises a modern split location cement facility located at Sonadih (District Raipur, Chhattisgarh) and at Jojobera (District Singhbhum, Jharkhand) and an integrated cement facility located at Arasmeta (District Janjgir-Champa, Chhattisgarh). It has an extensive dealer network in the eastern states of West Bengal, Jharkhand, Bihar, North-Eastern States and Chhattisgarh. Its products are available in parts of Orissa, Madhya Pradesh and Vidarbha (Maharashtra). It uses India as a base to export high quality clinker and cement to Bangladesh and Nepal. Italcementi: Italy based Italcementi has acquired a stake in the K. K. Birla promoted Zuari Industries cement plant in Andhra Pradesh, with a capacity of 3. 4 mtpa. Heidelberg: Heidelberg Cement too has entered into an equal joint-venture agreement with S P Lohia Group controlled Indo-Rama Cement. Heidelberg Cement is expected to take a 50 per cent controlling stake in Indo-Ramas grinding plant of 0. 75 mtpa at Raigad in Maharashtra. Heidelberg is also taking over Mysore Cement of S K Birla group at a consideration of US$ 93 million India, worlds second largest cement producer after China, is the home to a number of top cement companies. As various infrastructure projects, road networks and housing projects are coming up, many of which are backed by the government, the cement industry in India is growing at a great pace these days. With the capacity of 151. 2 Million Tones (MT), the Indian cement industry is truly big in size and hence accommodates a number of cement companies in the market. Not only that, more growth is further expected in the coming years, which will also lead to the growth of top cement companies in India. Lets have a look at the top 10 cement companies in India. The Indian cement industry is largely dominated by a few companies. The top 20 cement companies account for almost 70% of the total cement production of the country. During April-September 2009, the Indian cement companies produced 11 MT cement, whereas the total cement product in the country in FY09 was 231 MT. It is further expected to reach 236. 16 MT in FY11 and 262. 61 MT in FY12. 2. 5List of Top 10 Cement Companies in India Following are the list of top 10 cement companies in India: †¢ACC Limited †¢Gujarat Ambuja Cements Limited †¢Ultratech †¢Grasim †¢India Cements †¢JK Cement Ltd †¢Jaypee Group Century Cement †¢Madras Cements †¢Birla Corp. NameACC Limited Production17,902 Installed Capacity18,640 Net Profit (Quarter ended Sep 30, 2009)41,550. 89 lakhs NameGujarat Ambuja Cements Limited Production15,094 Installed Capacity14,860 Net Profit (Quarter ended on Sep 30, 2009)31,848 lakhs NameUltratech Production13,707 Installed Capacity17, 000 Net Profit (in 2008-09)97,700 lakhs NameGrasim Production14,649 Installed Capacity14,115 Net Profit (in 2008-09)1,64,800 lakhs NameIndia Cements Production8,434 Installed Capacity8,810 Net Profit (in 2008-09)43,218 lakhs NameJK Cement Ltd Production6,174 Installed Capacity6,680 Net Profit (in 2008-09)14,234. 40 lakhs NameJaypee Group Production6,316 Installed Capacity6,531 NameCentury Cement Production6,636 Installed Capacity6,300 NameMadras Cement Production4,550 Installed Capacity5,457 Net Profit (in 2008-09)49,081 lakhs NameBirla Corp. Production5,150 Installed Capacity5,113 Net Profit (in 2008-09)9,061 lakhs CHAPTER-3 COMPANY PROFILE 3. 1 BIRLA CORPORATION LTD Birla corporation ltd;a multi activity company and pioneer in many fields is committed to development of the nation with widespread operations spanning the whole country and beyond. The company’s turnover exceeds rs. 1900 crore in a diverse range of product which include Jute synthetic yarn, cement ,calcium, calcium carbide, industrial gases, Vinoleum floor covergings, PVC-coated cloth wallpapers as well as Auto trims(jute felt based car interiors manufactured with german technology). Counted amongst the larger plants of the cement division,satna cement works and birla vikas cement at satna(mp) have an installed capacity of 2. 18 million tons at present which is projected to riseto 3. 0 million tons in the near future. Birla cement samrat and birla cement khajuraho are already leading brands and fortuners of company activities. Riding on the glory of very high standards of quality, the company products are premierly priced in all the markets where it is available. 3. 2 HISTORY OF BIRLA CORPORATION LTD Time talks long years ago ,in 1919, a young man named ghanshyam das birla set up the first indian-owned jute mill near kolkatta. He called it birla jute manufacturing company. Time watched as the small unit prospered. It also earmarked a young man to beacon the new industrial india. Shri madhav prasad birla,shri gd birla’s nephew,was born in 1918. Under his uncle’s tutelage he also inculated the timeless values that his uncle held so dear to life:integrity and enterprise. It was these very values that helped shri MP birla transform the humble jute manufacturing company into a mightyconglomerate: birla corporation ltd. Under the chairmanship of Late Shri R. S Lodha, the company has crossed the 1990- crore plusturnover mark and has widespread interests in: Cement,jute,auto trims,cushioned vinyl floor covering,PVC coated wallpaper etc. Today individual division is independently charting its own path driven by some value system as envisaged by the visionary who laid the first bricks. Amongst, widespread product range,cement is our core business. Cement produced by us also follows same value system as it has strength, integrity and trust in terms of quality. Birla Corporation Limited has products ranging from cement to jute goods, PVC floor covering, as well as auto trims (jute felt-based car interiors). ProductInstalled Capacity (2009-2010)Production (2009-2010) Cement6. 07 Mill. Tons. 5. 69 Mill. Tons. Jute Goods38000 M T27,300 MT PVC Floor Covering48. 60 lakh sq. Mtrs1. 09 lakh sq. mtrs. Auto Trim Parts7. 80 lakh Pcs0. 64 lakh Pcs Iron Steel Casting3,750 tons1,078 tons 3. 3 CEMENT DIVISIONS UNDER BIRLA Satna (Madhya Pradesh), Chanderia (Rajasthan), Durgapur (West Bengal), Raebareli (Uttar Pradesh) The Cement Division of Birla Corporation Limited has seven plants, two each at Satna (M. P. ) Satna Cement Works Birla Vikas Cement, Chanderia (Rajasthan) Birla Cement Works Chanderia Cement Works, Durgapur (W. B. ) Durgapur Cement Works Durga Hitech Cement and one at Raebareli (U. P. )-Raebareli Cement Works. They manufacture varieties of cement like Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), 43 53 grades, Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC), Fly Ash based PPC, Low Alkali Portland Cement, Portland Slag Cement, Low Heat Cement and Sulphate Resistant Cement. State Town Madhyapradesh Satna Uttarpradesh Raebareli RajasthanChanderia West Bengal Durgapur 3. 4 BUSINESS STRATEGY The company is committed to become a technology- driven, customer- oriented one where passion for excellence is a way of life, innovation is a tradition, commitment to values unshaken and customer loyalty is abiding. The long- term corporate objective is to emerge as the most preferred cement company in India. In the ardent pursuit to innovate and to think in a different way BIRLA group is in a unique position and the best in the industry. They are dedicated to provide quality service to their customers and maintain high standards in corporate responsibility. 3. COMPANY PROFILE(SATNA DIVISION) The cement is marketed under the brand names of Birla Cement SAMRAT, Birla Cement KHAJURAHO, Birla Cement CHETAK, Birla Cement and Birla Premium Cement, bringing the product under the common brand of Birla Cement while retaining the niche identity of SAMRAT for blended cement, i. e. PPC PSC, for all the units, KHAJURAHO (for the OPC product of Satna) and CHETAK (for the OPC product of Chanderi a). The Division exports large quantities of cement to Nepal, under the brand names of Birla Cement Samrat, Birla Cement Khajuraho and Birla Cement. The special variety of Birla Cement SAMRAT, being produced by the company, is ideal for mass concrete, RCC/pre-stressed/precast structure (for reduced thermal crack), increased water tightness of concrete, increased resistance to sulphate soils and aggressive water and increased resistance to alkali aggregate reaction besides corrosion resistant properties. All our cement plants are ISO 9001:2000 Certificated, covering the entire range of production and marketing. SCW BVC have received the IS/ISO 14001 certificate, an international recognition for Implementation of Environmental Management System. SCW has been awarded GREENTECH Safety Silver Award 2009 and GREENTECH Environment Excellence Award 2008 by GREENTECH Foundation, New Delhi. It has also received the First Prize for Maximum Reduction in KWH/ton of cement in M. P. from FLS Energy Award, Bhopal, in 2008. The Satna units received the Quality Circle Excellence Award from Quality Circle Forum of India, Durgapur Chapter; Quality Circle Excellence Award and Quality Circle Distinguish Award from Quality Circle Forum of India, Kanpur Chapter, both in 2008, and Quality Circle Forum of India, Baroda. SCW has received the National Award for Excellence in Water Management from CII, Hyderabad and First Prize for Lowest Thermal Energy Consumption K. Cal/kg clinker under the 10th FLS Energy Award 2007. BVC has received the National Award for Excellence in Water Management from CII, Hyderabad, National Award for Energy Efficiency in Indian Cement Industry from NCCBM, New Delhi and Lowest Electrical Energy Consumption K. cal/kg clinker under the 10th FLS Energy Award in 2007. NCBM has given BVC the Second Best Improvement in Electrical Energy Performance Award for 2006-07. SCW received the Best Energy Conservation Implementation Gold Award from Rajiv Gandhi Memorial National Award, Hyderabad, in 2004. BCW CCW have received the IS/ISO : 14001 Certification for Environmental Management System. BCW CCW have bagged various awards from the NPC NCCBM. CCW has won the Lai Bahadur Shastri Memorial National award for Excellent Pollution Control Implementation for 2001-02 by International Greenland Society. VEC, Chennai, chose the Chanderia units for s stained implementation of condition monitoring and continued Machine Health Improvement award during 2001-02. The Workers Education Trophy was awarded by the Central Board for Workers Education, Udaipur, Ministry of Labour, Government of India, for excellent contribution and implementation of workers training programmes during 1998-99 again in 2001-02. The laboratories of BCW CCW have been accredited by NABL (National Accreditation Board of Testing and Calibration Laboratories) as per ISO/IEC 17025. BCL has regularly been receiving CAPEXIL awards for cement exports since the last more than 15 years. Power Plants : The Cement Division has two high-ash coal-based captive power plants at Satna (27 MW) and Chanderia (29. 8 MW) each. The power plant at Chanderia received the FIVE S Workplace Management System Certification from QCFI, Secunderabad. 3. 6 ADMINISTRATION SETUP BRIEF FINANCIAL INFORMATION †¢Date of Establishment 1919 †¢Revenue532. 471 ( USD in Millions ) †¢Market Cap28353. 3687654 ( Rs. in Millions ) †¢Corporate AddressBirla Building 3rd 4th Floor,9/1 R N Mukherjee Road, Kolkata-700001, West Bengal www. birlacorporation. com Management Details Chairperson Harsh V Lodha Directors Anand Bordia, B B Tandon, B R Nahar, D N Ghosh, Deepak Nayyar, Girish Sharma, Harsh V Lodha, Mahendra Kumar Sharma, N K Kejriwal, Nandini Nopany, P K Chand, Pracheta Majumdar, Vikram Swarup Business Operation Background Cement Construction MaterialsBirla Corporation (BCL), a flagship company of M P Birla Group, operates four division cement, jute, vinoleum and auto trim division. It was incorporated in 1919 by Madhav Prasadji as Birla Jute Manufacturing Company. Later its steadily grew in a multiproduct corporation. In the year 1998 the name was changed to Birla Corporation. The MP Birla group owns 500 factories in industry segments like tex Financials:Total Income Rs. 22953. 428 Million ( year ending Mar 2010) Net Profit Rs. 5571. 809 Million ( year ending Mar 2010) Company Secretary Girish Sharma Bankers No Bankers Details in A. R Auditors HP Khandelwal Co 3. 7 ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE 3. 8 DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS 1. Finance Department 2. Marketing department(Sales and Distribution) 3. Production department 4. HR department 5. Purchase Department 6. Fire and Safety Department 7. Engineering department Marketing Department Cement Marketing is different from other product marketing. Cement has a high demand. Therefore, it can be termed as a seller’s market.. Market penetration is very difficult, the brand image plays an important role. The whole market is also dependent on Customers awareness about different grade of cements. All of these call for a planned marketing effort and huge requirement of funds . Objectives 1. Monitoring of sales distribution 2. Study respond adequately to the information from market research department and from field establishment 3. Liaison with bulk buyers, central and state government officials and officials of Indian cement association Functions of Marketing Department 1. Sales 2. Market Research 3. Preparation of sales report 5. Processing and sending replies to audit queries. Liaison with bulk buyers, central and state government officials . 6. Sales force motivation through internal and external training programmes 3. 1PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT Objectives †¢Production planning †¢Co-ordination of production function †¢Co-ordination with Maintenance and Production department. Functions of Production Department . Planning daily production according to annual target 2. Submitting Plan to govt. and getting approval 3. Monitoring actual production checking any deviation 4. Making revision plans according to actual production 3. 2FINANCE DEPARTMENT Objectives †¢To Manage account for the financial resource of the Organization, to forecast its requirement in the future and plan accordingly and to check for deviation. †¢Report the financial performance of the company to Management, stakeholders and to comply with the Govt. rules and regulations Functions of Finance Department Some of the main functions are Payroll, billing, Preparation of journal, ledger and trial balance, Banking, Financial resources materials accounting, Budget preparation, Cost accounting, Auditing, Preparation of financial statements reports, Corporate Planning. Finance department in Birla(satna division) is divided into five sections for carrying out its process. They are †¢BILLS MATERIALS The main functions are Stores accounting and Receiving, Dispatch and holding of bills †¢SALES ACCOUNTING Some of the functions are 1. Accountability for selling and distribution of products by-products 2. Recording the transaction 3 Compilation of reports †¢THE COSTING AND BUDGET SECTION is concerned with ascertaining the cost of production, providing information, helping to prepare a budget, forecasting the performance and finally making a plan. †¢THE CASH, BANK AND PAYROLL SECTION is concerned more with the day to day activities and less of future forecasting planning. Cash and Bank Accounts Section functions include: 1. Receipt of cash, cheques, bank drafts, and postal money orders 2. Payment of cash, cheques, bank drafts, and letters of authority 3. Handling of bank deposits/withdrawals, custody of cash and inter unit ransfer of funds 4. Maintenance of petty cash books and cash books 5. Reconciliation of bank accounts 6. Security arrangement of cash handling 7. Safe custody of valuable documents 8. Cash interests calculation 9. Any other duties assigned by authorized officer Payroll Section’s functions are: 1. Preparation and disbursement of salaries and wages to managerial and non-managerial employees 2. Effect various recoveries through payroll and remit the same too concerned agencies 3. Processing of various personal payments advances 4. Keeps books of account for the above transaction TAX DUTIES SECTION is concerned with calculation payment of various taxes and duties to the Government. 3. 6HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT Objective of HR Department 1. To maintain the optimum manpower required to sustain the growth of Organization. 2. To motivate manage human resource and train them to ensure their personal and organizational development. Functions of HR Department 1. Organizational human resource planning development 2. Retirement selection 3. Wage Salary administration 4. Employee records maintaining 5. Performance appraisal 6. Welfare programme 7. Job evaluation 8. Handling employee grievances . Handling the legal issues within outside the Organization Process of HR Department The human resource department has 3 blocks which are: 1. Establishment Section The main functions are: 1. Recruitment selection 2. Transfer, rotation and placement of employees . 3. Wage and salary administration 4. Performance Appraisal 5. Retrenchment 2Industrial Relation Industrial relation operates only within the Organization. The Inter-organizational relation is handled by the corporate cadre. 60 to 70 % of management time is lost in resolving IR issues. Therefore the H. R department is of paramount importance. The main functions are: 1. Communication between management and trade unions 2. Grievance handling 3. Settlement of dispute 4. Handling disciplinary action 5. Safeguarding Employee rights 6. Career related issues like promotion, transfer rotation 7. Resolving daily petty issues INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING The main objective of this section is to make effective utilization of the manpower resources and restructure it for the benefit of the organization. The main functions are: 1. Manpower planning that composes of Manpower audit Forecast future requirements 2. Custodian of manpower inventory 3. Work study a. Removing system bottlenecks b. Production incentive etc. 4. Maintenance scheduling 5. Work environment study 6. Employee problem analysis 3. 6FIRE AND SAFETY DEPARTMENT As per the factory’s ACT 1948, any organization with more than 1000 employees or for Industries classified as Major hazardous unit (MHU) by the Govt. of India, requires a safety department. BIRLA has well established safety departments to look after the needs of respective divisions. It is the firm policy of the company that no operation is so important and no job is so urgent that one cannot find time to perform it safely. Further, it aims to see that an employee remain as healthy as he entered the plant, by providing safe environment and safe working conditions, safe tools and procedures to carry out all operations. Objectives 1. To ensure safety of the organization and of its employees and to act under emergency 2. Train the employees for ensuring safety and to prevent accidents. 98% of the accidents are due to unsafe conditions. Therefore, they are avoidable and only 2% accidents are unavoidable. The department aims at avoiding unsafe condition and reducing unavoidable accidents. Functions 1. Training Activity 2. Checking compliance with the safety measures . Acting in case of emergency Purchase Department This is the department which purchases the required raw material for the production of cement. So this department can be said as the back bone of Birla. The store keeper verifies the raw material and if goes beyond the minimum required level he will inform it to the accounts officer and he will pa ss information to the General Manager. The General Manager then takes further actions to buy the required raw materials. The main function of purchasing department is to ensure buffer stock of material for production to ensure uninterrupted flow of production. Structure of Purchase Department Purchase Officer Jr. Clerk Jr. Clerk Functions †¢Source identification Source identification involves the identification of suppliers from which purchase are to be made. †¢Source selection Source selection involves selecting the best suppliers from which suppliers which based on desired quality, quantity and service etc. †¢Receipt of Material Materials are collected by the receipt store and the details will be given to the section for inspection if any will be specified. Receipt store will prepare material receipt report and sent to concerned section, i. e purchase and accounts original copy will be retained by receipt store. †¢Import Materials Some chemicals, machinery, spares for specific machinery ? Purchase proposal ?Purchase order ?Purchase of consumerable and stationary Purchase procedure Requisition The power of approving material requisition is with Birla cement grade qualities Purchase proposal After fixing the right supplier purchase order is prepared an d placed with the proposed order rate, quality delivery schedule and terms of payments will be mentioned. AWRADS WON †¢Birla Corporation Limited has made it to the prestigious list of 200 Best Under a Billion $ companies in the Asia-Pacific region, published by Forbes Asia, in its October 9, 2009 issue. Birla Corporation Limited received the Best Corporate Ethics Award for 2008 from the Indian Institute of Planning and Management. Satna Cement Works Birla Vikas Cement have received the IS/ISO 14001 certificate, an international recognition for Implementation of environmental management system. SCW has received National Award for Excellence in Water Management from CII, Hyderabad First Prize for Lowest Thermal Energy Consumption K. Cal/kg clinker under the 10th FLS Energy Award 2007. SCW received the Best Energy Consumption Implementation Gold Award under the Rajiv Gandhi Memorial National Award, Hyderabad, in 2004. It also received the First Prize for Maximum Reduction in KWH/Ton of Cement in M. P. under FLS Energy Award, Bhopal, in 2008. †¢SCW has been awarded Green Tech Environment Excellence Award in 2008 by Green Tech Foundation, New Delhi. †¢SCW has received the National Award for Excellince in Water Management from CII, Hyderabad National Award For Energy Effiency in Indian Cement Industry form NCCBM, New Delhi, Lowest Electrical Energy Consunption K. Cal/kg clinker under the 10th FLS Energy Award in 2007. The Satna Unit received the Quality Circle Excellent Award from Quality Circle Forum of India, Dugapur chapter Quality Circle Excellince Award and Quality Circle Distinguish Award From Quality Circle Forum of India, Kanpur Chapter, in 2008. †¢All our cement plants are ISO 9001:2000 Certificated, covering the entire range of production and marketing. SCW also got IS/ISO : 14001 Certification for Implementation of Environmental Management System. †¢The laboratories of SCW have been accredited by NABL (National Accreditation Board of Testing and Calibration Laboratories) as per ISO/IEC 17025 w. . f. 07. 07. 2005. †¢SCW has won the Lal Bahadur Shastri Memorial National award for Excellent Pollution Control Implementation for 2001-02 by International Greenland Society. VEC, Chennai chose the Chanderia Units for sustained implementation of condition monitoring and continued Machine Health Improvement award during 2001-02. The Workers Education Trophy was awarded by the Centr al Board of Workers Education, Udaipur Ministry of Labour, Government of India, for excellent contribution and implementation of workers training programmes during 1998-99 again in 2001-02. BCL has regularly been receiving CAPEXIL awards for cement exports since the last more than 15 years 3. 9 PROJECTS UNDERTAKEN †¢CHANDERIA †¢Delhi Airport Project, Delhi †¢Delhi Metro Rail Project, Delhi †¢Aravali NTPC Power Project, Jharli †¢Telecomunication MBL Power Project, Barwala – Haryana †¢Cipla Ltd. SEZ Project, Pithampur †¢Lupin Pharma Care Ltd. SEZ Project, Pithampur †¢NHAI Projects, Rajasthan / M. P. / Jhansi †¢DLF Housing Society, Gurgaon †¢HZL All Projects, Chanderia / Rajpura Dariba (Rajsamand) †¢SATNA †¢Mukund Limited, Bhadohi NH-Road Projects (U. P) †¢Ban Sagar Nahar Nirman Khand, Mirzapur, Construction of Dam Kalptaru Power Transmission Ltd. Patna, Civil Construction work for Power †¢Transmission Line †¢NTPC Ltd. Kahalgaon, Civil Construction work at plant †¢UAL-Bengal (Utkal Asbestos Ltd. ), Tungadhowa (W. B), Manufacturer of Cement Sheets †¢U. P. Asbestos Ltd. Lucknow, Manufacturer of Cement Sheets †¢Bihar Rajya Pool Nirman Nigam Ltd. Patna, Govt. Projects in Bihar †¢Ashok Leyland Limited, Pantnagar, Construction of Plant Building †¢Gayatri Projects Limited, Jhansi, NH-Road Projects (U. P) †¢Madhucon Projects Limited, Chakia/Darbhanga, NH-Road Projects (Bihar) †¢Nagarjuna Construction Company Ltd. Orai/Basti, NH-Road Projects (U. P) Progressive Construction Limited, Chakia, NH-Road Projects (Bihar) †¢NBCC Limited, Parichha, Construction Of Chimney †¢BSC-C C JV, Muzaffarpur, NH-Road Projects (Bihar) †¢B. Seenaiah Co. (Projects) Ltd. Khalilabad, NH-Road Projects (U. P) †¢DURGAPUR †¢Tollygunge Garia Metro Extention †¢Dum Dum Circular Rail Bridge †¢South City †¢Sagardighi Thermal Power Station †¢Barasat Bus Stand †¢Tata Motors Factory, Singur †¢Pandabeshwar Bridge †¢Building construction – Rajarhat †¢Dankuni Durgapur Road †¢Dankuni Kolaghat Road †¢Durgapur Project †¢Lake District, Kolkata †¢Hotel Kalinga, Malda †¢Pannagarh Moregram Road †¢Spencer Plaza, Siliguri . 10 FUTURE EXPANSION The company is planning to invest Rs1200 crore to set up a 3 million tonne cement plant in Madhya Pradesh. The plant will increase the company production capacity to 10 million tonne by 2011. VISION AND MISSION 3. 11 Corporate Vision â€Å"To emerge as the most preferred bank in the country In terms of brand, values, principles with core competence in fostering customer aspirations, to build high quality assets leveraging on the strong and vibrant technology platform in pursuit of excellence and customer delight and to become a major contributor to The stable economic growth of the nation† . 12 Corporate Mission â€Å"To prov ide a secure, agile, dynamic and conducive banking environment to customers with commitment to values and unshaken confidence, deploying the best technology, standards, processes and procedures, where customer convenience is of significant importance and to increase the stake holders’ value† CHAPTER 4 SWOT ANALYSIS 4. 1 SWOT ANALYSIS Here we have to analyse the strength, weakness, opportunity and threats of the organisation. Strengths The strengths of the organisation are; a)The organisation is blessed with a dedicated workforce )The organisation is situated in the middle of the city c)The organisation is providing a lot of products and services to the society d)The dedicated workforce of the organisation is successful in serving their customers satisfactorily e)This increases the reputation of the organisation in the mind of its customers f)The organisation is computerised since 2002 with ‘Finacle’ software Weakness a)The total number of employees are not able to meet the workload in the organisation b) The prices of raw materials are uncontrolled. So some times satna division forced to operate in an uneconomic situation. )The average age of employee is very high (50 Yrs). The number of younger professionals is decreasing and some managerial personnel are forced to handle more than one position due to freeze on recruitment. d)Several unskilled jobs, which could be sub contracted are undertaken by the permanent employees at high cost Opportunities a)Wide area of operation b)Saving and investment are increasing c)Wide scope of banking operations like internet banking, interbank transfers etc. d)New investment opportunities e)Incoming boom in the market f)New innovations and technology )Diversified products and services Threats a) Recession in the market b)High competition in the market c)Lack of good investment opportunities d)Inflation also increases the price level in the market. CHAPTER 5 FINDINGS ,SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSION 5. 1FIN DINGS †¢Birla Cements lacks to influence the southern region markets †¢Distribution system is perfect as Railwayother transportation Facilities are within 5 kms of Satna cement Division. †¢ISO certification to most of the divisions †¢The company is operating above 90% capacity utilization. †¢Planning on reduction in manpower. Presence of good industrial relations with local unions and there is greater co-operation between management and employees. †¢Wage system is fair in BIRLA CEMENTS. †¢Workers health and safety are given prime importance. †¢A good coordination exists between different departments. †¢Trade unions play a vital role as bargaining agents. The management is sometimes forced to accept unreasonable demands made by the Unions. 5. 2SUGGESTIONS †¢It is better to dispose the non-performing assets of the company †¢The cost of production can be reduced by using most modern methods and modify plants to become more efficien t. Re-organization is very necessary in organizational level †¢Try to make delivery at correct time. †¢Undertake training programmes for the employees on the latest technologies to upgrade their skills †¢Motivation is the one of the important factor which stimulates the sales. Hence the organization should take steps to improve motivation provided to the sales person †¢Exporting of Birla Vikas Grade cement should be exteneded to other countries(now only in Nepal) †¢Temporary employees of 2-3 yrs of experience should be made permanent . 3Conclusion Birla Group is one of the greatest business brands in India that have a wide fame both in India and abroad. But due the high competition and various other challenges, the group is now facing some adversities in the business. So with the implementation of proper and adequate measures, their market share can improved particularly in the manufacturing industry. 5. 4BIBLIOGRAPHY

The Author Bio Blueprint That Will Snag Clients

You slave away at writing the perfect guest post for a very popular website. You cant believe they accepted your pitch, but you push your excitement aside and get busy writing. When the last sentence is done, you press save and take a deep breath, thinking you are all done but youre not. Guest posting is a great way to market yourself as a freelance writer. You get to write in your niche and build up your portfolio with relevant work you want to continue doing. But, how do you maximize your chance of getting a lot of people, specifically potential clients, to view your guest posts? It isnt enough to share it across social media or even write on your blog telling your audience you have new guest post. No, the best way to attract potential clients is with your author bio (along with your wickedly awesome guest post). The last pieceof your perfect guest post is an author byline that will wow prospects and spur them to contact you. How do you write an author bio that entices clients? Many freelance writers dont give their byline much thought you make sure to mention your name, services and website and youre good to go. Well, if youre new to freelance writing and you want to use your byline as a marketing tool for more business, there are certain elements that it needs to have in order to generate that outcome. I call this my author bio blueprint and Im going to share it with you. An Author Bio That Will Snag Clients and Make You More Money One of the reasons I even guest post is toshow offthat one piece of hot real estate my author byline. Its a chance to broadcast my name and my services out to hundreds, if not thousands of people online. Some writers never give away their writing for free. But, what theyoften forget is it pays to write for free. How can giving away your work pay off? Your content will reach a bigger and wider audience than your little ol blog will You will hone your writing skills by writing in what you excel at (i.e. your niche topics) Your guest posts will help you build your portfolio if you dont have any client work yet. Often, guest posts are more versatile than some of your client work. Your writing will be seen by potential clients interested in hiring a freelance writer You can even land a freelance writing job by guest posting! Your byline is also a great way to expand your brand messaging. Your personal brand as a freelance writer is what sets you apart from other freelance writers. What is it about YOU, that is different from all the other freelance writers online? And in order for your author bio to be a part of your personal brand, it has to be memorable. There are6 parts to my author bio blueprint. Now, you dont need all six parts to snag a client, but it sure helps in making a darn good bio. And before we get into the nitty gritty of this post, if you dont have time to read it, Ive streamlined the info all in my YouTube video! I would love it if you checked it out and to make sure to subscribe to my channel! 1. It Needs to Be Specific All too often I will come across a guest post from another writer and after reading their author bio, have no clue if they are even a freelance writer or if they are looking for freelance writing work. In order to get the most out of your bio, it needs to be specific. I mean youre sending out your hard earned work in hopes of getting social shares, Likes and writing work. Why not make sure its attributed with all the right information? So, what specific information does your author byline need to convey? That youre a freelance writer for hire (or freelance blogger, copywriter etc) That you have specializations (blog posts, articles, site content etc) That you are knowledgeable in the following niches (digital marketing, health, parenting etc) 2. It Links to Your Website What good is a byline if it doesnt link back to your website or Hire Me page? The sole purpose is to bring new readers and prospective clients back to your site so make sure you make it easy for them by providing a link. What if you dont have a writer website? While it is important to have a website for your budding freelance writing career, you could get away with your social media profiles. Now, if youre business isnt on social media, you shouldnt be guest posting! Before you start to pitch your ideas to guest blogs, build your writer website and fill out some social media profiles for your business. This will help you get established as a freelance writer and make you more credible once you begin to guest post. 3. It Highlights Your Wins Not all author bylines will have this element, but it can help you distinguish yourself from other freelance writers. Here are some examples of author bios that show credible and noteworthy accomplishments: Francesca Nicasio has been freelancing for the past five years and has helped numerous B2B companies with their content needs. Her work has appeared on sites such as MarketingProfs, VentureBeat, Lifehack, Under30CEO, and BusinessNewsDaily, more. She also helps aspiring freelance writers break into the business at BeaFreelanceWriter.com. Download her free eBook,How to Land a Client in 10 Days. Pinar Tarhans been working as a freelance writer and blogger for over five years. She is a firm believer in big dreams and realizing them. Her work has been published in Women On Writing, Be a Freelance Blogger, Make a Living Writing and Brazen Careerist among others. You can share her passion on her blog, Addicted to Writing, and catch her @zoeyclark on Twitter. 4. It Provides Incentives Besides linking to your website, its a good idea to link to products you have that would benefit a reader or potential client. While an author byline can attract future clients, it will also attract new readers. They will be more willing to become a regular reader if there is a free incentive. For my author byline I try to include a link to my free email course, Get Paid to Write Online. The point is to get readers or potential clients back to your website to linger and get to know you better. 5. Its Unique to the Guest Post Site If youre new to freelance writing, you may think you only have to write one author bio for all your guest posts. I was under the same impression when I first started guest posting. It wasnt until I saw other popular freelance writers author bios on different sites that I realized theirs were tailored and mine wasnt. From that point on, I started to tailor my author bio in order to highlight my expertise in what I was guest posting on. So, lets take a look at some of my author bios and see how they evolved over time: A Parenting Guest Post (emphasis on parenting) Elna Cain is a former Special Education Assistant who now spends her days running after her twin toddlers, all the while pursuing a freelance writing career. When she isnt writing you can find her using the best naturalistic and holistic approaches to keeping her family healthy. You can find out more about Elna over on her blog at Innovative Ink. A Lifestyle Guest Post (emphasis on healthier lifestyle) Elna Cain (@ecainwrites) is a freelance writer for hire who lives in Canada with her husband and twin children. As a writer, she is passionate about providing natural living advice in order to help others find alternative ways towards a healthier lifestyle. You can find more about Elna at Innovative Ink. A Freelance Writing Guest Post (emphasis on my credibility as a freelance writer) Elna Cain has been a freelance writer since 2014. Although shes fairly new, her effective marketing strategies and her publications in Social Media Today, Brazen Careerist and Psych Central have helped her quickly land clients. She also offers marketing, blogging and freelance writing tips to novice freelance writers at Innovative Ink. Be sure to check out her free email course, Get Paid to Write Online and connect with her on Twitter. A Business Website Guest Post (emphasis on my expertise in business writing) Elna Cain (@ecainwrites) is a freelance writer for hire with specialization in digital marketing, branding and general marketing tips. She works closely with B2B and B2C companies providing useful and engaging content that converts viewers into customers. When she isnt writing, you can find her at playgroups with her twin toddlers dishing out the latest parent fail. Contact Elna or visit her website at Innovative Ink for more information on her services and to view her portfolio. http://innovativeink.ca How did I tailor my author bios? I made sure to mention my expertise that was related to my guest post. Over time, I changed my specialties to include not only what Im guest posting about, but what kind of writing work I want. Currently my author byline might include: digital marketing, social media, and health. 6. It Has Personality A great way to make your author bio pop isto include apersonable tidbit. Whether its yourea young journalist or youre a mother of twins, injecting a bit of personality can help you land a client. Not every author bio I have mentions that Im a mother of twins. It depends on the website and if it truly is relevant to helping me land a gig. There are other freelance writers, though, that do a great job at showing who they are. Lets take a look at some: Henneke Duistermaat is an irreverent copywriter and marketer. Shes on a mission to stamp out gobbledygook and to make boring business blogs sparkle. Get her free 16-Part Snackable Writing Course for Busy People and learn how to enchant your readers and win more business. Marianne Griebler is a marketing communications consultant who lives with her family in Chicago. She also writes about the workplace, parenting, senior care and health issues. In her free time shes a certified volunteer arborist, an avid theater goer and a literacy volunteer. Please visit her website at mariannegriebler.com and follow her on Twitter at @magriebler. Sue Anne Dunlevie, owner of Successful Blogging has been passionate about business since she was 12 and started her own toddler day care group at her swim club. Now her unique talent lies in helping women business owners make more money by blogging. Depending on the nature of your guest post, you can be as liberal as you want with showing your personality. For me, its having a nice balance between showing prospective clients I mean business, but that Im also a mom trying to take care of my little monkeys! Are You Ready to Snag A Few Clients With Your Author Bio? There you have it! My awesome blueprint for the best author bio. As I mentioned before, you dont have to use every element at one time. I certainly dont I just found using a few at a time makes for an easy to read bio. Im probably sure youre wondering if my bios have snagged clients? They have! I hadtwo clients that I know for a fact came to me frommy author bio on my guest posts. So, tell me, are you happy with your author bio or do you think you need a new blueprint? Let me know in the comments!

Amelie film review essays

Amelie film review essays My first response when learning that I had to see the film Amelie was Oh no... however, after viewing the film I found that the film had a very large moral significance. I believe that one of the themes central to this film is the age old Carpe Diem or seize the day. Amelie first comes to this realization after dutifully completing philanthropic acts by returning Dominiques box of his only childhood memories or writing to the woman whose husband left her after the war. The moral significance comes into play in the question whether or not she should do these deeds even though I believe she was doing them for the right reasons. Amelies life was a lonely life. She experienced many trials and tribulations during her life and she rarely had any support through her childhood. She practically raised herself into believing that she received pleasure from all the small things in life such as skipping stones on that canal. I believe that the director wanted to show that one must incorporate the larger things in life to be happy such as love. I believe that a very moving scene was the final video tape that the glass man sent her to watch. This is what finally convinces Amelie to risk it all to be with the man she loves. The glass man is very wise and experienced in his years and I believe that he represented the moral figure in this play. He was the one who constantly tried to analyze the works of Renoir, to try to capture the essences of the people portrayed in them. As the character in that work of Renoir is a mystery to him, Amelie is also an enigma to him. In the final scenes of the movie, he finally can give her the moral advice to seize the day. ...

Open Adoption Records Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Open Adoption Records - Coursework Example Key words: information, agreement, consent. Should All Adoption Document Opened To Adopted Child Above 18? Every person above 18 years has a right to have access to information. However, this right should be restricted on special cases. It may require one to restrict information to an individual for the good of the person and those related to the person. Under section 3 of data protection act, one has a right to obtain a copy of any information withheld from him, by an organization. But provisions have been provided under section 5 of data protection act where the information to be provided may negatively affect the code of conduct and interest of an organization (Data protection commissioner, n.d). In this regard, this paper opposes the opening of all adoption records to adopted individual even though the individual may be above 18 years. The assertion is in regard to the following fact; the uncertainty of physiological effects that may be caused due to such revelations. A good exam ple is the case where the biological parents choose to maintain anonymous identification. It would be of great importance to maintain the privacy of the parents. Otherwise not doing so, will not only hurt the credibility of the organization concerned and the biological parents’ right of privacy, but also may infringe negatively into the adopted parents’ relationship with the adopted child. The signed documents between the parents and the organization should be respected and their privacy maintained, and only opened to a third party under their consent, and if a situation forces (Adoption resources, 2013). Otherwise this may harm the firm’s credibility and the biological parents’ feelings, thus causing a negative impact. The second reason for my proposition is due to the fact that such revelations may cause a rift between the adopted parents and the child. This may be due to the fact that the child may have a conflict of interest between the biological and the adopted parents. In one way or the other, one party may have to suffer some kind of damages due to this revelation. It is better to avoid this entire situation by withholding such information so as not to hurt the young person’s emotions. It may be argued that such revelations are important to the health and medical conditions of the adopted kid, because some medical conditions are directly related to the biological family’s medical history. I agree that these conditions would easily be monitored if the biological family’s medical history was revealed to the adopted child. This fact, however, should not be the core reason for opening of all the adoption records to the adopted child. Such critical information should be given to the adopting parents who should reveal the history to the doctors without revealing the adopting documents to the child. Even in such circumstances, only safe information should be released. Individuals aged above 18 years have the ri ght to get access their records (Yashwantrao Chavan Academy of Development Administration, 2006). However, if such information would have a negative impact on the person’s wellbeing as well as people around (i.e. would cause physiological problems and unwarranted anger), it would be better such individual is kept in the â€Å"dark† in regard to such scenarios. Despite the individual’s emotional maturity, such information may break the strength,

St. Valentine's Day Massacre Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

St. Valentine's Day Massacre - Movie Review Example te ideas ad plans from his members, which is contrary, to Al Capone did in this case, accepting and going ahead with a ruthless and violent plan devised by one of his gang member. The leadership structure of Al Capone’s gang would be argued to have been somewhat organized and rule driven with clear tasks and goals. For instance, Al Capone’s goal was never to kill, eliminate, or take control of Moran’s gang but was to destabilize and weaken Moran’s gang and its perceived threat to the operations of Al Capone (Allen). This depicts a clear goal and task. In addition, organization in terms of leadership structure is also depicted and can be argued in the sense of leadership positions such an accountant position, which was the occupied by Jake â€Å"Greasy Thumb† Guzik, the distribution and sales and liquor a responsibility of Al Capone’s brother, Ralph, and the idea that gang members hoped to climb the leadership ranks. In terms of operation goals, Al Capone’s gang had clear ones, which included complete control of the flow of all illegal alcohol, prostitution business, with the goal of making huge profit margins. Al Capone gained his power from his mentor, Johnny Torrio who brought him from New York to Chicago to come and help in operating the network of gambling and brothel establishments (Allen). Al Capone used violence to ensure the dominance of his gang. In order to gain influence, Al Capone used his power to intimidate, and kill people opposed to his control or posed a threat to his business and gang. He managed to control almost all the alcohol flow and more than half the city through corruption, violence, intimidation, and organized

Hypothetical Family Health Promotion Assessment Essay

Hypothetical Family Health Promotion Assessment - Essay Example While some families may consist of the standard two-parent home, there are a numerous amount of ways in which families are organized and in which social groups they exist. The modern nurse must be sensitive to these unusual circumstances and adjust one’s attitude accordingly, being careful not to place judgment upon clients who need nursing services. According to Bomar (2004), â€Å"During the past two decades, the evolution of family nursing assessment in nursing theory, practice, education, and research has been observed and documented in the nursing literature† (pp. 275). Nurses must be sensitive also to the fact that various ages, races, ethnicities, and other demographics of people may not fit perceived stereotypes, or that their lives’ paths vary significantly from what is considered socially appropriate or aesthetically pleasant. Some people live in abject poverty while other patients may be quite rich—and it is important for the nurse to understand that she must treat all of her patients with the same amount of dignity and care as she would anyone else. This is especially true of the Morrison family as evidenced in Mary Lawson’s book Crow Lake. Katie is definitely not the typical caregiver, as she is an young adult herself and learning how to take care of a young sister who is less than five years old. Katie is one of the focal points of the book, a scientist who struggles with the issues that surround being impoverished, but, at the same time juggling responsibilities while aspiring to a better life. The FFAM is, according to Stanhope and Lancaster (2006), â€Å"[o]ne family assessment model and approach developed by a nurse†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (pp. 335). The FFAM is able to assess various family issues that are of concern to the nurse in his or her chosen profession. Obviously, in any family there are immediate telltale signs of problems. The most obvious sign of some problem is physical abuse, although, the problems to b e discussed here are more internal, invisible, intangible problems which can have effects on patients. Although one can’t see a bruise, indeed, the individual is injured, albeit in his or her psyche. It is the emotional pain that can also scar a patient irrevocably for life, and this is what the nurse seeks to diagnose in order so that he or she can assuage the patient’s fears and continue to pursue a plan that will plot a course of treatment appropriate for the patient. Affective Involvement is the first aspect that I would think would be very key in assessing the Morrison family’s situation. The family’s young ones are taught not to express themselves overtly in a strong manner. Says Lawson (2003), â€Å"Understatement was the rule in our house. Emotions, even positive ones, were kept firmly under control† (pp. 9). Most relevant for promoting the Morrison family’s health in this category comes under the concern of the young people basicall y not being cared for in the ways they need to develop. For example, one very important concern is Katie’s younger sister Bo, who is a toddler. Toddlers need lots of love and affection from parents in order to develop properly, and without that kind of support, Bo will rely almost entirely upon her older sister as a mother figure, and upon her brothers Matt and Luke as father figures. However, since Luke at one point might go away to college, and Matt establishes his own family—only Luke remains once he decides that he is going to get a job to support the family instead, even though he

E Learning And Its Influence

E Learning And Its Influence ABSTRACT The current focus with all the educationists is to ensure that technology is used effectively to address various issues with problems related to student motivation, participation, absenteeism, drop-outs and gender bias, performance to name a few. Using technology in Science education is no exception to this. In fact nurturing an inquiring mind and a scientific temper in students has always been the aim of education across the world. This paper is to review the different e-learning techniques and their impact on professional education Keywords: Technology and e-learning 1 Introduction: Online data has revolutionized many of the ways we receive and use information these days. The availability of online resources has changed everything from finding a new house to reading the newspaper to purchasing plane tickets, and as a result has disrupted established structures. Internet technologies have also present challenge to established telecommunications companies. Lots of blogs, social networking sites, and interactive online games have created new modes for interaction between students and teachers. Digital technology makes informative content easier to find, to access, to manipulate and remix. Virtual web based environments for teachers now enable them to seek help from other teachers, locally, nationally, or globally in solving their day to day educational issues classroom problems, sharing lesson plans and materials, interacting with experts in particular fields, planning collaborative curriculum development projects. 2 E-learning an introduction To infuse technology into learning, in the early years of the program, the institutions have focused on getting teachers ready for an environment where every student has at least one technology device at their fingertips. Between cell phones, laptops and slates, students are coming to school already equipped to learn differently. The digital tools are engaging and motivating to students and teachers are excited about the changes they are seeing. The one-to-one computing environment actually personalizes the educational experience for students. Teachers are able to customize learning, designing targeted activities focused on a childs strengths and weaknesses. The virtual environment lends itself to a blended approach to teaching and the ability to collaborate with other teachers to create assignments that connect curriculums so that learning is more meaningful and relevant. 2.1 The Significance of E-learning : In todays times there is an important view that organizations form on the investments in human capital and enterprise IT systems with enterprise success metrics such as revenue, profitability, knowledge measurement, retention, and talent attraction. Therefore, there is no doubt that e-learning provides a foundation for performance monitoring that makes those correlations between people and learning technologies possible. The benefits of e-learning are as follows One focused on the needs and interests of individuals who are linked to competency and accomplishment. The other more closely aligned with the needs of the enterprise, tied to true business results. Learning is a deeply personal act that is facilitated when learning experiences are relevant, reliable, and engaging. During those early days of e-learning, we learned the hard way that simply building a learning system that could be accessed over the Internet did not guarantee that people would have much need for, or interest in, the courses and programs, regardless of the provider. We learned that shoveling courseware online did not provide anyone faculty, students, or administrators with an online experience that was much more than tedious electronic page-turning. Sometimes we learned the hard way that doing learning unto others could quickly de-motivate and disengage the very people we had hoped to serve. Therefore, technology engages learners by structuring and organizing information, by displaying and demonstrating procedures and operations. It can help make a learning experience more memorable and can help relate new information to that which is already known. 2.2 Education for everyone: When technology and learning will be together, it will solve many of the problems faced by India by creating a complete education system for every student, young or old, rich or poor, urban or rural. Because of the following reasons †¢ Technology and Learning can enable education that is not anymore limited to a particular region or age group. †¢ It will be learning anything, anytime, and anywhere from multiple authorities from the comfort of your home, village, town, city from any web-enabled device. †¢ It will lend a helping hand in the process of identification of brilliant global students living in villages of India, based on their ability to interact within an intelligent e-learning environment. 2.3 Internet usage and web-based education: Web-based courseware is not merely an electronic duplicate of the original course material. It represents a new type of educational materials which takes full advantage of the emerging Web and multimedia technologies in order to achieve an effective yet enjoyable learning process. These, complex concepts are introduced in innovative ways. Full linking to vast resources available worldwide introduces new levels of value to the courseware. A Web-based course is envisioned as a dynamically-evolving resource that will prove beneficial to both students and instructors alike. That is, a Web-based course is developed through the efforts of a team of professionals with a complementary range of skills, as opposed to classical course design, which is typically developed by faculty alone. 2.4 learning in a group : An online lecture or presentation of teaching material published on the Net becomes accessible to many learners. The most common technology for this communications was the electronic bulletin board (BBS) and electronic mail discussion lists where course notes were given with read-only access for students. Since the extensive implementation of interactive WWW technologies in the distribution of educational information, various forms of courses on the WWW have become common. WWW technologies have made it possible for materials on the Net to be published with ease. Other learners can thus become the source of information for the learner. 2.3 Creating a new educational platform: One of the first areas that requires change is education perception of technology as it relates to its mission. For the past decade, most attempts to use technology in higher education have been very haphazard: systems have been designed only to automate existing processes, computers have been thought of as strictly computational devices, and desktop workstations have not accomplished much more than replacing the typewriter and the adding machine. Today, however, technology is creating a new educational platform and is reconfiguring the way a student learns. It can be Interaction between the students and professors in the educational process Interaction between the students and professors while searching for information on the Net Joint activities of professors and administration. Students joint research projects. 3 Types of E-learning: E-learning is emerging as a solution for delivering online, hybrid, and synchronous learning regardless of physical location, time of day, or choice of digital reception/distribution device. E-learning programs are implemented in the following ways: 3.1 Virtual classroom: This model of e-learning continues to be the most familiar analogue for building e-learning programs. The intention of virtual classrooms is to extend the structure and services that accompany formal education programs from the campus or learning center to learners, wherever they are located. The virtual classroom is for learners who may be pursuing a distance education degree made up entirely of online lessons, and it may include campus-based courses, where students join in from a variety of on- and off-campus locations-in a real-time class session via the Internet. 3.2 Online learning: This model of e-learning revolves around its dependence on courseware, delivered over the Internet to learners at a variety of locations where the primary interaction between the learner and the experiences of their learning occur via Networked Computer Technology. 3.3 Rapid e-learning: This is a direct response to e-learning products that made it hard for nontechnical subject matter experts and learners to contribute and make use of multimedia learning content to the knowledge base. 3.4 Mobile learning: This type of learning builds on the availability of ubiquitous networks and portable digital devices, including laptop computers, PDAs, game consoles, MP3 players, and mobile phones, and it takes advantage of place-independent flexibility that comes from working away from the desktop. Mobile learning provides the opportunity to connect informal learning experiences that occur naturally throughout the day with formal learning experiences. Common tools for producing mobile learning content include Flash Professional, Flash Media Server, and Flash Lite. 3.5 Interactive group learning: The key premise for science education has been to involve young minds in activities that arouse curiosity, generate interest in research, invention and innovation. Learning based on understanding is essential to innovation and creativity. Finding answers to the question WHY leads to WHAT and HOW, which takes one on a path of discovery and understanding. Interactive Group Learning provides immense possibilities for achieving this. Observing, Discussing, Exploring, Problem Solving, Doing and Creating with your peers, not only makes the process fun but also nurtures teamwork and collaboration. Building hypothesis and validating them as a team ensures that children can handle all types of real-life situations as well. 4 Fundamental Ingredients 4.1 For Building Virtual Learning Solutions: In the Adobe world, common tools used for constructing virtual classrooms include such applications as Adobe Acrobat ® 8, Adobe Acrobat Connect Professional (formerly known as Macromedia ® Breeze ® Meeting), Adobe Presenter 6 (formerly Breeze Presenter), and Adobe Captivate 2. 4.2 For Building Online Learning Solutions: Adobe tools, which have long been the de facto standard for creating interactive digital learning content, include such familiar products as Flash ®, Dreamweaver ®, Photoshop ®, Illustrator ®, Adobe Premiere ®, Adobe Contributeâ„ ¢ and Adobe Captivate, to name a few. The rising trend of integrating dynamic, modular learning content-learning objects-in face-to-face and e-learning programs alike is expected to drive greater demand for solutions built on Adobe Flex ® and Adobe LiveCycle ® platforms. Greater interoperability with industry leading LMS platforms extends integration of Acrobat Connect Professional. 4.2 For Building Rapid Learning Solutions: Rapid e-learning uses tools such as Adobe Captivate 2 and Adobe Presenter 6 to reduce the time it takes to produce rich, engaging Flash learning content, while allowing more non-technical contributors, including subject matter experts (SMEs) and students, to share their SCORM and AICC conformant Adobe Captivate learning objects as a stand-alone Flash movie or as an element of a multimedia portfolio that can be securely shared within an Adobe PDF document. 4.3 For Building Mobile Learning Solutions: From specialized content creation tools such as FrameMaker ® to Adobe Acrobat and all of the Adobe Creative Suite ® and Adobe Studio tools, to server products such as ColdFusion ® and those for creating rich Internet applications with Flex and LiveCycle, Adobe tools are a fundamental ingredient for building e-learning solutions that respond to any and all e-learning deployment models. It is important to understand that all solutions for e-learning are all based upon creating and extending rich, retentive, engaging learning experiences that connect learners with instructors, other learners, and rich learning content assets regardless of physical location. Therefore, e-learning and technology mediation, play a significant role and we need to stand up and realize the value that rich, engaging content creation, distribution, and management tools contribute to the experience of rich, effective e-learning programs enables new levels of engagement and participation among all learning stakeholders 5 E-learning Contents 5.1 Content which enables active and constructive learning: Content that enables active and constructive learning focuses on exploration. The user interacts with the content, explores objects in the defined environment, observes effects of the exploration and concludes from the experience. For example, explaining phenomena like Eclipses. What is the basic concept behind eclipses, how do they occur, are some of the questions that fascinate every student. Imagine, getting an interactive learning aid, where you can form shadows and explain the formation of eclipses. Simulations like these will not only explain but prove to be a powerful teaching aid. Relate this to the real life coverage in television and the understanding is complete. 5.2 Content which redefines interactivity : Interactivity is not about clicking the mouse and exploring data on the computer screen, but is about making a meaningful learning experience for the user and class. Content can be explored with the help of a mouse, but it also has to bring context to learning. It has to provide for observation, correlation and conclusion. Presentation and design of the content should ensure that by viewing and exploring it, the class gets interactive. 5.3 Concept based content versus syllabus-mapped content: Computer based instruction is a reality all over the world and India is no exception. Governments across are keen to create and develop content mapped to their syllabus. There are two important considerations here: a) whether the content covers all the concepts and b) whether the content is culture specific. 5.4 Designing computer-based teaching learning aids: A variety of teaching-learning strategies can be used while designing content. Listed below are a few key ones: Active Learning These strategies focus on exploration. Users can explore content and construct interpretations. Constructive Learning Strategies that bring context to learning as students begin from a point of already existing personal experience, knowledge or interests. Cooperative Learning Strategies that take advantage of and build upon   shared individual knowledge. The possibilities of using technology and computer-based teaching learning materials in the science classroom are immense. The need is for professional educators to be actively involved with instructional designers and multimedia experts in the creation of this content. The need is for teachers to participate in the process and act as facilitators. This will ensure that we expand the resources for teaching and learning in the science classroom beyond imagination.  Ã‚  Ã‚   6 Challenges and opportunities: Major changes have occurred in the world economy, in particular with regard to the information-bearing technologies. These demand the attention of governments for education and for human resource development. While the last two decades have seen considerable growth in education and training, the world still suffers from intolerable inequalities at the international level and sometimes within nations. Low quality and insufficient relevance are other concerns. At the root is often the problem of financing adequate provision, and of outdated structures for education and training. This is giving rise to contradictory situations where those who have the greatest need of them like rural communities, illiterate populations or even entire countries who do not have access to the tools which would enable them to become full-fledged members of the knowledge society. For the student/learner digital learning means increased access and flexibility as well as the combination of work and education. It may also mean a more learner-centered approach, enrichment, higher quality and new ways of interaction. For employers it offers high quality and usually cost effective professional development in the workplace. It allows upgrading of skills, increased productivity and development of a new learning culture. In addition, it means sharing of costs, of training time, and increased portability of training. 7 Impression on Student Learning: How does one evaluate the nature and depth of the learning that takes place in any environment? Students performances provide some clues. A complex chain of thinking skills fuels the process of presenting a science project. These skills include mastering fair-testing concepts, applying them in order to craft new hypotheses, and designing ways to test them. Students use prior knowledge and then interpret, implement, analyze, and evaluate it to create a new product. We can share the learning experiences by taking the following steps †¢ Video interviews with the early-adopter teachers regarding their experiences †¢ Video clips of student-teacher interactions †¢ Screenshots and multimedia submissions of student work, including e-portfolios †¢ Text documents delineating the rationale for using a technology-enhanced methodology †¢ Footage of teachers relating how they overcame initial resistance to technology-rich learning environments. 8 Future Trends of Learning object: An interesting future trend could be the use of Learning Objects in school education. Creating computer-based learning materials iscostly and time consuming. Syllabi are updated and upgraded every five years. Learning objects will not only prove to be cost effective, but will empower the teacher totally, giving them total independence to create multimedia content of their own choice. Learning Objects in this context are digital entities in the form of animations and graphics supported with voice-over and text. Traditional multimedia gave the teacher a pre-structured sequence of frames within the unit. In this solution the lesson is divided into different components of animations with voice-overs and text, graphics with voice-over and text and only text. 9 Conclusion: It has been shown that the use of the Internet in the sphere of organization and management of education leads to the increase of education accessibility on a global scale, and may lead to the growth of economic efficiency of an educational institutions activity. Taking the huge scale of the Internet into account, the creation of mechanisms designed for effective navigation of the Internet, and the collection, analysis, exchange and distribution of information for the specific use of education acquires great importance. Therefore it is suggested that we should Integrate Digital Learning Objects in the Classroom if we want to be the leaders in education industry because it is the need of the hour. We can recommend the following point for effective classroom learning Create an e-learning course. Use technology to revolutionizing your teaching. Give your institute a digital Identity. Implement new age education methodology.