Jack Londons To Build a Fire Essays -- Papers London Jack Build Fire

turd Londons To Build a Fire In his short story entitled To Build a Fire, Jack London portrays a bitter conflict between man and nature. The nature in this story is the harsh environment of the Yukon Trail. London chose to use nature as the antagonist, almost as a force working against the main character in his throw together for survival. London accomplished this personification of nature by freehand the environment many human characteristics, by creating numerous things going wrong that really should not have happened, and by foreshadowing the protagonists fate all throughout the story. The author used such a struggle with man versus nature in many of his stories. He liked to portray a sort of struggle for survival, a rising up against the odds, theme to appeal to the masses at the time. He wrote passionately about the many tough questions of life and death, the struggle to rifle while retaining ones sense of dignity and integrity, and he wove thes e fundamental themes into stories of high adventure based on his own firsthand experiences, whether it was trying to tough out a storm in Alaska or out at sea, or working in a factory or in the fields in calcium (California State parking area Historians 1). Jack London gives the environment many human characteristics. During the entire story, the reader gets a feeling of the man being challenged by the threats that argon placed in front of him by the Yukon Trail. ?The mysterious, far-reaching hairline trail, the absence of sun from the sky, the tremendous cold, and the strangeness and weirdness of it all-made no impression on the man (London 116). Nature overly throws some potent... ...pened, and by foreshadowing the protagonists fate all throughout the story. In the end, however, the antagonist of this story wins, proving to the man that it is the stronger of the life forces. Works Cited California State Park Historians. Jack London - His Life and Books. February 9, 2003. http//www.parks.sonoma.net/JLStory.html John Griffith London. Contemporary Authors Online. Literature Resource Center. GaleNet. Lake-Sumter Community Coll. Lib., Leesburg, FL. 9 Feb. 2003 http//galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/LitRC?c=1&s birth control pill=128&ai=55459&ste=9&docNum=H1000061094&bConts=16047&tab=4&vrsn=3&ca=1&tbst=arp&ST=jack+london&srchtp=athr&n=10&locID=lincclin_lscc&OP=containsWritings London, Jack. To Build a Fire. Literature An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. United States Longman, 2002. 117-128.

Early America :: essays research papers

Everyone always talks about the early America, how it started the thinking of people today. end-to-end this report you will understand more about early America.People always say America is a land of beginnings, well after Europeans find America, the New World became peoples hope for a new bread and butter. They tried to escape from poverty and just to start over. So we know that America started with hope further does the American writers?In order for something to begin there needs to have experiences. So the writers looked back on American history. They even had to go as far as before Christopher Columbus, and even before the year 1000. At that time the Native Americans lived here. They each had a tribe and their writings were very personal to how they lived their life and how they knew of America. They also had to think about all their fears and even the excitement in life itself. both(prenominal) of the people lived and died horrible lives so the ones that survived it told ot hers all about it. Some unforgettable and some hard to even believe, but thats how the people of the early America lived.The New World had lots of experiences for the new writers to tell. Some of the new writers include John Smith he only spent two in a half years in America. Jonathan Edwards, he thought that a transformation would create a world of literature. He was the first major writer to be educated and lived his whole life in the New World. When he was eleven he wrote science essays on insects. Then when he was thirteen we went to Yale for religious experience. He wrote Sinners in the Hands of an angry God and still is one of the intimately famous literary monuments to the "great Awakenings" The first book published in America was the Bay Psalm Book it was a translation of the biblical psalms. many another(prenominal) of the puritans kept journals to help they with their relationship with god. The journals and diaries were usually meant to be private. But somehow they got out to the public. Even when it did get out to the public the puritans said that none of it had incessantly happened. They did not write to entertain the public they wrote for themselves, and for God. They wrote no fiction, and they didnt even want to read it.

John Cover :: Biography

jackfruit tree is an unsung hero. He did something great for the world, saved a lot of lives and prevented a lot of injuries, said retired police captain, Greg Meyer ( tinkers dam Cover, page 1 of 3). Rick Smith, the chief executive and check of Taser International, said in a statement, Jack was one of the most influential inventors of modern times, who affected the lives of hundreds of thousands of law enforcement officers, citizens, and even criminal suspects, (Taser Inventor Dead at 88, page 2 of 4). From the quotes of these two men, it is intelligibly seen that John Cover did something tremendous that would affect the lives of thousands. Many people have never heard of this slice, so they do not know what he invented. Well, this man invented the Taser, the non-lethal weapon that uses pulses of electrical current to disrupt the targets ability to control his or her muscles (John Cover Inventor of the Taser, page 1 of 2). The term hand-minded means, Receptive to new ideas or to reason (The American Heritage Desk Dictionary and Thesaurus, page 520). John Cover was an extremely open-minded inventor who kept an open mind to any new ideas he or his assistants came up with.John Higson Cover was born on April 6, 1920, in New York. Cover was later nick-named Jack, which was what most people came to know him by. Cover grew up in Chicago where his father was the Professor of Economics at the University of Chicago (http//www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article5791955.ece). No otherwise records of his parents or childhood were found. Cover then went to the University of Chicago, where he earned his PhD in physics ( www.timesonline.co). Cover began to invent things such as cooked food testers and voice pioneer switches in his spare time, early in his career (http//www.nbcfw.com/news/archive/Taser-Inventor-Dead-at-88.htmlcorder=reverse). Cover was a test pilot in the United Stated line Force in World War II. In 1952-1964, Cover was employed by the Am erican Aviation. Then, in 1970, Cover set up the Taser Systems Company (www.timesonline.co). No claimed religion was found.Covers goal was to invent a non-lethal weapon to combat the plane hijackings and riots that were occurring in the 1960s, said Rick Smith, chief executive and founder of Taser International (www.nbcfw.com). The battery operated Taser projects darts attached to insulated wires to give electric shocks over a range of a few meters (www.timesonline.co). Though it was designed to be a non-lethal weapon, the Taser has caused a few deaths (Jack Cover, Taser Inventor, page 1 of 4).

Olivia Shaw Essay -- English Literature

Plot and Sub-PlotA Streetcar Named Desire========================The main plot in A Streetcar Named Desire is altogether based around thecharacter Blanche DuBois and the never-ending downfall of her life.The play opens with Blanche arriving in peeled Orleans where she has cometo find and stay with her sister Stella. Stella lives in an apartmentwith her controlling husband Stanley, when Blanche sees the apartmentwhich she stays she cannot believe her sister lives in such a place.Blanche and Stella greet each with passion but before longsighted Blanchebecomes irritable. Blanche has bad news and tells Stella she has losttheyre old home Belle Reve Blanche says to Stella its her faultand her leaving was the reason they lost their home. This gets Stellaupset so she goes to the bathroom. While she is at that place Stanley comeshome, he gives Blanche a frank stare and they have an awkwardconversation, we find out Blanche had a husband who died when theywere both very young. Stanley is c ommon and rough compared to Blanchewho is delicate. Stanley is a very sexual man and sex is part of whatmakes him tick. His appraisal of women is frank and straightforward.It becomes obvious that the sexual bond between Stanley and Stella isintense, and that this is what keeps their relationship going. Stellatells Stanley round the loss of Belle Reve and Stanley thinksBlanche has profited from this and goes through her things. WhenStanley routes through the letters her husband had written this makesBlanche angry and also brings back memories of her past. That nightStanley has his friends round for a poker game and this is whereBlanche first meets Mitch they talk about things they have in commonand she tells him she is ... ...l ingredients to a play. A play shouldbe about one character, in A Streetcar Named Desire, Tennessee usedBlanche, the sad heroin the protagonist he based his play aroundBlanches character. A play should be set in one place Tennessee usedNew Orleans, with the play begin set in one place this increased thetension, be more intense so more confrontations would occur if therewas no where else to escape to. For Blanches character New Orleansbecomes a trap. Aristotle also said A play should be set over a 24hr terminus Tennessee didnt use this ingredient in his play because weneeded time for Stellas pregnancy to develop and cause more conflict.We needed to see Blanche and Mitchs relationship develop and unfold.Also Blanches mental state needed time to deteriorate so we wouldntfeel so shocked when she was taken forward by the nurse and doctor.

A Worn Path :: Essays Papers

A Worn Path In the short story A Worn Path, by Eudora Welty there is only one(a) main character Miss phoenix Jackson, who is in barking on a journey that would lead her to the desired destination. Phoenixs personality would change as she gathered more land with her persistent walking, passing through many different settings. Although the change in scenery is blately obvious it is sometimes what we over look, when trying to examine the characters attitude, or morals in different situations. The attitude change in Miss Jackson is noticeable as she lumbers through the pines, crossing the stream, and again while seance at the doctors office. When Phoenix is walking early in the morning she is amongst the pine trees that seems to engulf her, she shows her determination as she lumbers along the trail. With the motion in her step going away from side to side in a manner that would sagest the pace that she is keeping, although is a slow in general, may be a little quicker w herefore she would normally be maintaining. This would be so that she could return before the sun goes down with the medicine for her little grandson. She knows this trail very well and walks with confidence, persistently attach the ground with her cane, possible not even looking at where it is her feet are landing. Upon the way she stops to scold and warn the foxes, and other small animals she was visualizing to stay kayoed of her way that she had a far walk and that she must be getting on her way. She says this with a tone in her voice which I imagine to be a voice that a older women uses when they mean business and must finish what they set out to do. Phoenix waves her cane much like somebody would at a horse, to persuade it to continue on the path.As Phoenix approaches the stream it becomes obvious that the spirit and imagination inside of her is that of a child. It almost appears that Phoenix has reached the fountain of youth, which releases the child inside of her. Sh e takes a large first step raising her knee high walking onto the log that resemble that of a process band, while holding the small cane straight out as if to point the direction.

A Worn Path :: Essays Papers

A Worn Path In the short story A Worn Path, by Eudora Welty there is only one main character Miss Phoenix Jackson, who is in barking on a journey that would lead her to the want destination. Phoenixs personality would change as she gathered more land with her persistent walking, passing through many different settings. Although the change in scenery is blately unmistakable it is sometimes what we over look, when trying to examine the characters attitude, or morals in different situations. The attitude change in Miss Jackson is noticeable as she lumbers through the pines, crossing the stream, and again while sitting at the doctors office. When Phoenix is walking early in the morning she is amongst the pine trees that seems to engulf her, she shows her determination as she lumbers along the trail. With the motion in her step going from side to side in a manner that would sagest the pace that she is keeping, although is a slow in general, may be a low quicker then she w ould normally be maintaining. This would be so that she could return before the sun goes down with the medicine for her little grandson. She knows this trail very well and walks with confidence, persistently taping the ground with her cane, possible not even looking at where it is her feet are landing. Upon the way she stops to call down and warn the foxes, and other small animals she was visualizing to stay proscribed of her way that she had a far walk and that she must be getting on her way. She says this with a spook in her voice which I imagine to be a voice that a older women uses when they mean business and must finish what they set out to do. Phoenix waves her cane much like someone would at a horse, to persuade it to continue on the path.As Phoenix approaches the stream it becomes obvious that the constitution and imagination inside of her is that of a child. It almost appears that Phoenix has reached the fountain of youth, which releases the child inside of her. She takes a large first step raising her knee high up walking onto the log that resemble that of a marching band, while holding the small cane straight out as if to point the direction.

The Cooper Union College

Morphosis is an architectural firm in California which was founded in 1972 by Thom Mayne. Morphosis has to its credit worldwide projects which include educational, residential, commercial and huge urban projects. Morphosis is the result of a combined effort of more than 40 professionals, with each of them working concurrently to give state of the art tropes, which are not only unique plainly also innovative. They are not only specialists in designing buildings but also experts in designing unique furniture and various accessories and bran-new(prenominal) functional objects. The firm has more than 50 awards to its credit and received many other honors.The founder of this firm Thom Mayne did his Bachelors in Architecture from the University of South California and a Masters from the Harvard University, the Southern California Institute of Architecture was founded by him. Thom Mayne also win the Pritzker Architecture Prize for the year 2005, which is the topmost award in the field of computer architecture. Some of the other well known projects that the firm has worked on are the global Elementary School in Long Beach, California, the Diamond Ranch High School in Pomona, California, the Hypo Alpe-Adria Center in Klagenfurt, Austria and the Graduate House at the University of Toronto in Ontario, Canada.The latest project that the firm is currently working on is the new academic building for the cooper Union Colleges, in New York, which is passing play to house the Albert Nerken School of Engineering, and which is expected to be completed by 2008. All eyes are on this project, as the transparent faade of the building is already attracting a lot of people, and this is also supposed to be the first green academic building in New York.The whole project will be coming up in a site area of 18,000 sq ft., and the project size was estimated to be around 180,000 sq ft. The building would include various facilities which include approximately 15,000 sq.ft of class d well, 40,000 sq.ft of laboratories, 15,000 sq.ft of administrative and faculty offices, 4,000 sq.ft of centralized computer center other than a 200-seater auditorium, an exhibition gallery, lounge and multi purpose space, Art Teaching Studios and workspaces and student activity spaces.The new building is visualized as a vertical element which has a semi-transparent faade that speaks clearly of the classrooms, laboratory and art studio spaces. The whole building is be after around a centrally located atrium, which goes all the way up to the height of the building. The whole building is connected with sky bridges and has many corridors with a clear view of the Foundation Building to the left.The whole building is designed for energy efficiency, sustainability and environment friendly. The technology used to build the building will not only conserve energy but also increase its effectiveness. The semi-transparent screen used on the outside of the building, helps keep the interiors coo l in summer and immediate in winter.The whole building is equipped with carbon dioxide detectors which can detect if the room is occupied or not, and will automatically dim the lights in those rooms which are not occupied, thus saving energy and electricity costs. The roof is also filled with greenery which does not require much maintenance, therefore retention the building cool. The entire building is filled with lots of natural ventilation, which keeps the building airy and pleasant.This building is a perfect example of modern contemporary architecture with all modern amenities including the label of the first green building in New York. This project is a good example of the excellent design methodology and originative thinking of the whole design team of Morphosis. All the above features of the Cooper Union building is evidence enough of the aesthetic and creative sense of Morphosis. The fact that the firm has received so many awards shows the respect people have towards good design and architecture.Works CitedNew Academic Building, Cooper Union, Architecture-Page, 12 December 2007.Green Features, The Cooper Union Builds, 12 December 2007, http//www.cooper.edu/cubuilds/green.html.American Institute of Architects Announces Two Firm of the Year Recipients RATCLIFF and Morphosis Architectural Firms Take slip away Honors, Find Articles, 12 December 2007, .

Thematic Analysis on the Book American Buffalo by David Mamet

A buffalo accepts minimum from the society and gives the maximum-its food is grass (unless you feed something special) and the finished product that you get is milk The discard store shown when American Buffalo opens, doesnt inspire much. Normally, when the curtains are raised, the opening scene/set is supposed to be the best, highly impressive, to create a fixed impression with the audience. The secondhand antique store run by Don Dubrow nevertheless, kindles curiosity. The deliver is filled with lots of junk. It is easy to create neat and clean or fascinating sets.A jumble set needs so much imagination to do. For example, a big overflowing dustbin prominently kept at the stage evokes as much curiosity as the big flower-vase full of colorful flowers. It evokes immediate enthusiasm in the minds of the spectators, Why it is in that respect on the stage at this initial stage of the drama? The opening dialogues go to the credit of Don who is delivering a business discourse to dog, inviting his attention to the promised deals and the necessity to stick on to it. Bob was busy with not so healthy and socially acceptable ideas to get rich quick.Bob apologizes, entirely Don speaks with a frustrated note at his title-holders temporary betrayal. Don retorts, Dont tell me youre sorry, Im not mad at you. This observation speaks about the seriousness of Don to bring his fri stop to the right track, by involving him in the respectable business of junk dealings Filling the stage with the junk in such voluminous and vast quantity is not the easiest of the things to do. Clive Barnes (writing for the New York Times) called the Broad commission set astonishing and described it as an agglomeration of trash that must have taken a police squad of assistants months to acquire. (American) Out of that confusing and unclassified dump, David Mamet tries to find the essential needs for a dignified lifespan. The junk yard is the not the final destination for those articles. Th ey rather dwell for a new beginningyet another lease of respectful life The theme as conceived by Mamet, has some hidden agenda as for the welfare of the society. He has strange ways of propounding how to achieve his objectives American Buffalo received intense critical attention, for it set the critics thinking and disturbed their psyche.What they saw on the stage was not an ordinary effort as depicted by an ordinary story. The emotional highs and lows of the characters were realistic as per conditions obtaining in a big oaf of the American Society. David Mamet used the lowest of the language, the meanest of the vocabulary, to say his truth. He was bold in his approach, but no so beautiful and refined. But where is refine ness in the real-life situations that he was explaining? But the nods and appreciation that he secured for the plot and for his characters must be from those who have experienced such situations, either with or without success.David Manmet doesnt value success or defeat much. He sees the truth in the permanent efforts. The untiring ones His thematic approach to the language and expressions he used in the play is with a definite purpose. He could have written the dialogues in Kings English, but he preferred the idiosyncrasies and the latent humor of everyday mother tongue of an average individual. Such characters responded and reacted to the routine situations in an ordinary but emphatic way. They expressed their opinions in a crude manner, by keeping the essential dignity of their position in the society.Every individual lives his life along with certain ambiguities, which he carries as his luggage, when he is unable to solve them. He however has a promise that one day he will be able to solve them, and will achieve a problem-free state. Reading a play is one thing, and face at the performance, when many characters read the play in accordance with their acting abilities, is another matter. The script, when you read may confuse you, may keep you less-inspired, you may looking that you are making desperate efforts to go through with(predicate) confusing paragraphs and sentences.But when the characters do their sincere job of pronouncing them on the stage, David Mamet proves to us that he is right. He has judged their spirits and caught their moods right, with those detach utterances, what if they are half-thoughts and obscenities. He has showed and depicted the reality of obscenity, because you find it very much prevalent in the vocabulary of the society about which he is writing. So, what harm is there in calling the spade a spade? The incident shown about three crooks planning to steal a coin ingathering in the name of good business is right according to their level of thinking.(It is better than stabbing an individual to rob his wealth or cheat a bank with fraudulent ideas) That is the stage of their progression in life. They are able to offer justification for their actions as per their own perfected reason ing. Whether the society accepts it or not is another matter. But they have no confusion about their objective. The characters of David Mamet have a particular level of existence. You cant pass judgment on them by sitting on the ivory tower. To know them, you need to reach their level. Understand their real-life situations and put you in their shoesThey do, what they do, not out of pleasure but out of sheer necessity of existing in this world. Therefore, the seemingly inarticulate utterances yield a rhythm found in few other playwrights work. partially of the fascination of the play, wrote Womens Wear Dailys Howard Kissel, lies in noting how the same banal language takes on different colors as we perceive the changing relationships between the characters. (American) To maintain familiarity and business together requires lots of understanding. The beginning seems to be good, but what really matters is maintenance of the relation ship.Business world is not always the domain of ethic s. The fundamental rationale and the goal in business are profits, success and self-interest. The play makes good beginning as for the combination of business and friendship but by the end of the play, the edifice of friendship collapses, and self-interest hoists the flag of victory. The theme of any story always tells something about the author, even when the author makes conscious efforts to avoid it. Recollections of authors past appear in some form or the other.May be some dialogues, situations, trials and tribulations, duty and beauty of the characterssomewhere between the interactions of the character it surfaces in a subtle form. David Mamet had a difficult childhood. He was born in Chicago, and was raised in a Jewish neighborhood. His father being a labor attorney, intervention about labor problems must have been commonplace. Mamet has learnt and depicted the anger, frustration and slang of American youth and men very well and this can be learnt and captured in the printed page only through direct experience and exposure to situations.David Mamet introduces a unique theme in American Buffalo-the judicious use of sabotage. They say, all is comely in war and love. Mamet adds one more category to this-business wisdom (when reduced to its basest form. ) He was appreciated for his ability to find equation with the common man through this play. Their slang became his weapon of success. His characters rarely speak full sentences, but what they utter has the telling effect. You nod in approval, as it appeals to you emotions. The three main characters, the low life thugs, succeed in taking potshots at the American way of life and its business ethics.The bricks of foundation of America are dispossession of the land from the former owners and genocide of the local Indian populace. The drama and conflict among the characters is intense in a very disturbing way. This is a play that makes you very uncomfortable about the way that people relate to each other and challenges your hopes that values like friendship and honor are greater than the drive to get a bit beforehand no matter who you step on in the process. (Theatre) Conclusion American Buffalo is a common mans drama, in common language, henpecked bycommon characters, but written by an uncommon author. ========== References Cited Article Theatre Card American Buffalo By David Mamet . www2. netdoor. com/campbab/theatre/buffalo. html 10k Retrieved on October 10, 2007. Article American Buffalo Summary and Study Guide David Mamet. www. enotes. com/american-buffalo 15k Retrieved on October 10, 2007. Mamet, David American Buffalo (Paperback) Publisher Grove Press Subsequent edition (January 11, 1994) ISBN-10 0802150578 ISBN-13 978-0802150578

Chevy Volt Essay

Closing Case Planning for the Chevy vanadium1. What does the Chevy volt slip-up tell you about the nature of strategic decision making at a large complex organization like GM? From the Chevy Volt case, we do-nothing see that GM is a large complex organization and has a lot of processes to make any decision in changing their strategic plan. Moreover, they sticked to the past failure that they had experienced. Therefore, they moved too slow and missed the opportunity to change or align themselves to the external trend or a conk out opportunity.2. What trends in the external environment favored the pursuit of the Chevy Volt project? Gas price was increasing sharply because of growing demand in developed countries including China and India Global Warming become a significant concern so people trend to use the car which produce less(prenominal) Carbon Dioxide. The cost of Manufacturing lithium ion batteries was falling and new technology make them more powerful Demand for fuel effi cacious car like Prius (Toyota) that use new battery technology3. What impediments to pursuing this project do you think existed within GM? GM already spent a huge enthronisation in developing fuel cells Many decision makers in GM didnt want to suddenly switch gears and focus on lithium ion batteries quite Technology in a large lithium ion battery production was difficult Failure in the past was the experience that GM still remembered and was scared to invest in new project4. The plan for the Chevy Volt seems to be based partly on the assumption that inunct prices would remain risque and yet in late 2008, oil prices collapsed in the wake of a sharp global economic slowdowna. What does this tell you about the nature of strategic plans?The nature of strategic plan is effective to the current situation but when the external environment or trend change, strategic plan should be changed and adapt to the external factor as well.b. What do falling oil prices mean for the potential s uccess of the Chevy Volt? If the gas price fall, the Chevy Volt which use lithium battery might not be sold as much as when the gas price is high.c. Do you think oil prices will remain low? No, I think oil price will keep increasing because people in every country cancel out more energy which use oil to produce energy while the world has limitation of resources including oil. Therefore, when demand is greater than supply, the price will be unsurmountable or difficult to decrease.5. What will it take for the Chevy Volt to be a successful car? In light of your analysis, how risky do you think this venture is for GM? What are the costs of failure? What are the costs of not pursuing the project? The external factors which let the Chevy Volt to be a successful car is increasing gas price, trend of global warming, falling cost of lithium ion battery manufacturing and higher demand for fuel efficient car. However, if GM invests in the Chevy Volt project, the risk surely occurs if the pro ject isnt successful as expected. For example they move slower than their competitors or the competitors can offer the better benefit or performance to the customer perception and preference. While the cost which occurs when GM doesnt pursue this project will be the opportunity cost that they will miss the opportunity to overcome their competitors as well as being the leading of new venture car.

At-Risk Program for Alcohol and Drug Use Essay

When observing the schools in our communities, umteen choose not to notice that there is a serious problem concerning medicate and magnetic core abuse within the assimilator population. Drug and alcoholic beverage abuse has become a serious problem for many students in the state of Alabama. There are over 40,000 adolescents in the state of Alabama that nourish used illegal do medicatess in this past month (Inspirations for young person and Families, 2011). This is an alarming number that needs the support of the familiarity, state funded programs, and the school zone. There are currently over 15,000 youths in the state of Alabama that need assist with substance abuse problems and are not receiving the proper care and help they deserve (Inspirations for Youth and Families, 2011). This community needs an at-risk program that targets the students who down become victim to drug and alcohol abuse.Identifying students in our schools who may be using drugs or alcohol is not an e asy task. There are several signs that students could convey during schools hours that scarper the attention of teachers or classmates. This program pull up stakes be avail commensurate to any parents concerned about their children with substance abuse, or students exhibiting at-risk warning signs. Warning signs of an at-risk student that lead be eligible for a drug and substance abuse program may exhibit several traits that set them apart from the rest of the student body.These let in smelling like alcohol or drugs, missing or skipping class, a dramatic change in academic involvement, trouble with authority, and getting involved in fights or showing an increase in aggressive behavior (Indiana University of Pennsylvania, 2012). Students who exhibit any of these signs would be recommended to participate in the drug and alcohol program. Periodic drug screenings in schools for students expressing these signs is another measure that will be taken to inform educators and parents of th e students experimenting with illegal substances and need our help and support.This drug and alcohol program will fit the needs of the students in our community by providing them a haven where they can turn without worrying about getting into trouble. This program is not meant to judge these students, hardly to help them overcome the pressure they feel from their peers and their habitual drug and alcohol abuse. This program will be in every school in the capital of Alabama County school district. It will target students in grades five through 12. The guidance stumbleices will have specific laws and rules to abide by to find at-risk students and enter students into the drug and alcohol program. The guidance office will have the responsibility of meeting with students when there are not program meetings, keeping a log of the students success and information on the drug/alcohol abuse, drug screenings, parental involvement, and so forth.Program meetings for both students involved in the drug and alcohol program will be held three times a month at the George Washing Carver High School Gymnasium, taking place subsequently school for three hours from two in the afternoon to five in the evening. Buses will be supplied at all schools to transport the students to the main center at Carver High School, and then will be available to transport these students home. The staff at our meetings will include guidance counselors from every school in the district, teachers, and volunteers from the community. There will be a certified psychiatrist at every meeting to meet with students considered high-risk. If these high-risk students show signs of serious addiction or dependence, extra therapy sessions will be provided through the school district and rehabilitation options will be explored.This drug and alcohol program will be back up by the Montgomery County Department of Human Resources and Covenant wellness Centers who implement the Alabama Recovery Center. Both of these state departments will ensure the success of the drug and alcohol program so the students in our community have access to the best resources. The Montgomery Department of Human Resources has social workers who will be able to meet with at-risk and high-risk children and make contact with family members on the students behalf. All cases of adolescent drug abuse must be referred to DHR by state law. This resource will be both beneficial for the students and the community.The Alabama Recovery Center have experienced and licensed staff that work with drug and alcohol abuse in adolescents through intensiveout-patients treatments programs (Covenant Health Centers, 2012). They provide counseling options, individual or family oriented, to best meet the required needs of the student. Their substance abuse programs consist of a 12 week intensive outpatient program that includes after care programs and custom programs working in accordance with several state departments such as DHR (Covenant H ealth Centers, 2012). With the Montgomery County Department of Human Resources and the Alabama Recovery Center, this new drug and alcohol program will have the support it needs to become a success to our students and the community.The positive impacts the drug and alcohol program would have on our community, schools, and school district are endless. The positive impact it would have on our community is to help adolescents that have fallen victim to drug and alcohol abuse and return them the support these students deserve. This will make sure that the children and teens in our community have a chance to a bright future to become productive citizens for this community. The positive impact this program will bring to our schools is intervention and honesty. Students can overtake with their teachers on a personal basis and let them into their private lives. This will allow the schools to become responsible concerning the essential help that is needed for at-risk students. It will give schools the chance to intervene in situations that involve drug and alcohol abuse.Schools will be the most important level where the student body can be reached to deal with the issues of peer pressure and drug/substance abuse. This program will bring positive impacts to the school district by keeping drugs and alcohol off school campuses and away from the student body. The district will observe dramatic changes in the population of students who have abused drugs and alcohol. The district will reap these rewards by becoming part of a positive change by implementing this program. The school district will see the change in students. This will raise the educational rating of the schools in the district.There are several steps necessary to implement this new drug and alcohol program. The first step is to find and gather funding for this drug and alcohol program. The Department of Educations Safe and Drug-Free Schoolsand Communities Program (SDFSP) provide funds for virtually every scho ol district to support drug and violence prevention programs and to assist in creating and maintaining safe learning environments ( discipline Drug Control Policy, 1999, para.12). This is where our source of funding will come from. erst we have received proper funding, the second step is to begin training the guidance counselors, teachers, and volunteers who will be helping this program. The third step is to inform the topical anesthetic community about the new drug and alcohol program to spread awareness. The fourth and final step is to present the at-risk program to the school districts advisory board. They will make the final decision in regard to implementing the program throughout the schools in the districtThe drug and alcohol program involving the adolescents in our school systems is a serious concern this community needs to address. This program is planned to target at-risk students by giving them a way to recover from their substance abuse. There are over 40,000 adolescent s in the state of Alabama who need help concerning drug and alcohol addiction. The schools in our district are the best ship canal to identify these students and reach them with kindness, caring, and help. If this district were to implement this program, the student body in the Montgomery County school district will reap essential rewards. These students will have a chance at becoming productive citizens of the community. These students will have a chance to break the substance abuse cycle and become something that we all hope our children will and can become. This drug and alcohol program can bring light into the lives of many students suffering from addiction in our community. It is our job as educators and members of this community to help and give at-risk students a chance.ReferencesCovenant Health Centers. (2012). Alabama Recovery Center. Retrieved from http//www.covenanthealthcenters.com/alabama-recovery-center/ Indiana University of Pennsylvania. (2012). Identifying and Confr onting Students At-Risk. Retrieved from http//www.iup.edu/page.aspx?id=45873Inspirations for Youth and Families. (2011). Drug and Alcohol Abuse AmongTeens in Alabama. Retrieved from http//www.inspirationsyouth.com/Teen-Rehab-Alabama.asp National Drug Control Policy. (1999). Preventing Drug Abuse. Retrieved from https//www.ncjrs.gov/ondcppubs/publications/policy/99ndcs/iv-b.html

Romanticism in Friedrich’s “The Monk by the Sea”

Darkness, emotions, and mysticismthese are just some of the terms that can be used to describe Friedrichs The monastic by the Sea. Produced in 1809, this oil on canvass ideally characterizes the period to which the creative person belongs the romanticistism. With its subject, seeming, style, and theme, the artist undefeatedly submits the main tenets commons during the Romantic Age. Formalist and thematic analyses of the forge can lead modern viewers to a better understanding of the work and the message that the artist wants to convey. Brief BackgroundCaspar David Friedrich was a German mountain lion born in 1774 in Greifswald, Germany. Despite poverty, the artist received formal art study from artist Johann Gottfried Quistorp, who conducted art sessions outdoors. Exposure to the local color and environs frankincense helped the artist master the art of landscape. His scenes, which generally reveal tenets of the Romantic Age, tally him integrity of the most important arti sts during his time. (Vaughan, 1972, 65). Particularly, as Murray (2004, 338) notes, his landscapes direct the viewers gaze towards metaphysical dimension.His seascape titled, Monk by the Sea won admiration even from the 15-year-old King Frederick III Wilhelm of Prussia, whose purchase in 1810 declared the artists work as his masterpiece. Analysis of Form A formalist analysis of the painting suggests the artists overall craftsmanship. Minimalism best defines the style that the artist assiduous in his work. Basically, the image of the monk, which appears very minimal and solitary, helps achieve emphasis on the subject.The minimalist use of a variety of colors for the whole background pronto implies the contrast between darkness and clean-living that the artist wants to portray. Specifically, the submission of darkness to light or vice versa narrows down the color and texture of the painting. This minimalism of color and structure thus allows the author to present some characterist ics ideal to Romantic art. The whole image can be divided horizontally into three diametrical parts, namely, the sky, the sea, and the land.The great expanse of the sky, which covers at least five-sixths of the canvass (Web Gallery of Art, n. d. ), attracts attention considering the light it sheds on the whole image. Through devoting much space to the sky, the artist achieves esthetic drama, which is very typical of the Romantic Movement. Specifically, the center clouds where a rich combination of colors is applied, capture the motion of light breaking into the darkness and at the identical time the darkness eating up the light. Such drama found in nature suggests some Romantic thoughts that draw out sentimentality from the audience. render the sea with great darkness, Friedrich made it a point to limit this part to at least one-eights of the canvass. This allows the other images, much(prenominal) as the sky, the land, and the monk to take form, eon it allows the purpose of show ing the location of the monk at the same time. On the one hand, the element of darkness suggests the artists tendency to contemplate on the darkness of nature and its mystery. On the other, it also suggests the themes of death and the obscure, which other painters similarly dealt on during this time (i. e. Goya, Delaroix). The monk standing by the sea seems lost and forlorn, thus unable to see the great storm coming. In a description by Marie von Kugelgen, one of Friedrichs followers, the lady wrote to her friend Friederike Volkmann A big fadeless expanse of sky still, no wind, no moon, no storm indeed a storm would have been some consolation for then one would at least see tone and movement On the unending sea there is no boat, no ship, not even a sea monster, which make the forlornness even more desolate and horrible (Web Gallery of Art).This clearly shows the initial attention that the work garnered from the public. Widely recognized for the great landscapes he once depict ed, the artist must have surprised his followers with the dark portrayal of the sea coupled by the view of the monk who seems to submit himself unrelentingly to the vast rupturing sky and the deep dark sea in front of him. Nevertheless, the purchase of King Frederick III Wilhelm helped the work gain much favor it deserved. Later on, Clemens Brentanos description of the work suggests the acceptance of the work by the public.From the horrible experience the work evoked in Kugelgen, Brentano notes the splendid, infinite loneliness of the monk by the set ashore (Held, 2003). This shows the publics appreciation of the work, following its acceptance by the king. In Brentanos critique, we may note the contemporary viewers appreciation of the work, disdain the loneliness it presents. This also shows the ability of the viewer to relate to the monks experience, thus reflecting the positive attitude toward the theme of death, which other Romantic artists and writers demonstrate in their work s.Further to the thematic analysis of the work, one can perceive the artists idea of communing with nature. The idea of the monk leaving the monastery in order to fuck or contemplate the quietness and simplicity of nature strongly suggests a Romantic attitude. However, aside from portraying the greatness of nature, the view also shows that while the Romanticists respectfulness nature as beautiful and powerful, they also view it with sensuous nuance. The dark colors of the sky and the sea imply the coming of a destructive storm.This reflects Friedrichs attempt to break the usual concept of a beautiful sky at midday. Anticipating the great storm, the audience may feel a certain veneration for the monk, some anxiety that destructs quiet contemplation. In addition, the combination of darkness and light yields the artists spontaneity and freedom. Since the monk is the only figure meant to appear at vertical angle, the rest of the image appears to be painted with free hand and brushst rokes that conjure at some point with a vanishing effect in the light colors of the sky.Furthermore, the solitariness of the monk asserts the Romantic idea of individualism. Using the monk as subject reveals Friedrichs attempt to explore on the thoughts and emotions of a common man. Normally looked upon for their wisdom and strength, the image of the monk amid the darkness and light somehow distracts the idea of perfection among the religious members of the society. This characteristic adheres to the Romantic Age by the artists rejection of traditional values of social structure and religion. (Worldwide Art Resources Web Site, n. d. ) Through the use of nature, the artist reveals the monks seeming confusion and loneliness as he casts view at the sea. Although the audience may have different perceptions of the experience that the monk undergoes, the image nevertheless suggests the imperfection in the life of a monk, the loneliness that they undergo, and the need to take part in the u sual activity of nature. Centering on a single hero, the work portrays the individual skin of every monk.By making the monk turn his back from the audience, the artist portrays his contemplation. More importantly, however, this portrayal makes the monk anonymous. Depicting a monk in this track makes his experiencehis struggles and lonelinessuniversal in nature. It also suggests the commonness of the place, the scenery, and the emotion, to which viewers can possibly relate. Brentanos description of the work reflects the artists successful attempt to make the meaning universal.According to the author, the scenery allows the viewers to relate to the scene, making one feel that one has gone there, that one must return, that one would like to cross over This implies that despite the centrality of the work to the image of the monk, the audience can still relate to the contemplative experience that Friedrich depicts. The universality of the subject and the surroundings makes one long to reflect on a similar struggle the audience may have had at certain points in their lives.Another Romantic characteristic that the work reflects is the artists interest in the mystical aspect of life, which he portrays through the mysterious and vast skies and the dark sea. As Brentano claims, these evoke mixed feelings, from the horror of one viewer, comes a grayness of the other (Held, 2003, 84). Such combination of emotions that the artist draws from the audience signifies its successful portrayal of the mystical motifs in life, such as the union between darkness and light, the Apocalyptic view of the skies, and the solitude that such a view creates in everyone who witnesses it.Showing the figure of the monk amid the helter-skelter tendency of nature suggests the mystic relation among Gods creation. Overall, the structure and theme that Friedrich employs in his work consistently reflect valuable characteristics of Romantic art. Up to now, the darkness, emotions, and mysticism tha t the artist projects through his choice of subject, color combination, tone and structure still provide the modern audience with the same experience that viewers of the painting had in 1809.

Digital library Essay

digital library An electronic library (colloquially referred to as a digital library) is a library in which collections ar stored in electronic media formats (as opposed to print, microform, or some other media) and recoverible via computers. 1 WikipediaVerifiabilityThe electronic content may be stored locally, or accessed remotely via computer displaceworks. An electronic library is a guinea pig of learning retrieval system. In the context of the DELOS 2, a Network of Excellence on digital Libraries, and DL.org 3, a Coordination Action on digital library Interoperability, better(p) Practices and Modelling Foundations, digital program library researchers and practitioners and softw atomic number 18 developer produced a digital subroutine library Reference Model45 which defines a digital library as A potentially realistic organisation, that comprehensively collects, manages and preserves for the long depth of time rich digital content, and offers to its targeted delectati onr communities specialised functionality on that content, of defined quality and according to comprehensive systematise policies.6 The first use of the term digital library in print may entertain been in a 1988 report to the Corporation for National inquiry Initiatives7WikipediaVerifiability The term digital libraries was first popularized by the NSF/DARPA/NASA digital Libraries Initiative in 1994. 8 These draw heavily on As We May Think by Vannevar render in 1945, which set out a vision not in terms of technology, but user experience. 9 The term virtual library was initially employ interchangeably with digital library, but is now primarily utilise for libraries that are virtual in other senses ( much(prenominal) as libraries which aggregate distributed content).A evidention is often made between content that was created in a digital format, known as born-digital, and information that has been converted from a physical medium, e. g. paper, by digitizing. It should also be n oted that not all electronic content is in digital data format. The term hybrid library is sometimes use for libraries that have twain physical collections and electronic collections. For example, Ameri send packing Memory is a digital library within the library of Congress. Some pregnant digital libraries also serve as long term archives, such as arXiv and the Internet Archive.Others, such as the Digital Public Library of America, gaink to make digital information widely accessible through public libraries. 10 Academic repositories Many academic libraries are actively involved in building institutional repositories of the institutions books, papers, theses, and other works which post be digitized or were born digital. Many of these repositories are made available to the general public with few restrictions, in compliance with the goals of open access, in contrast to the publication of research in commercial journals, where the publishers often limit access rights.Institution al, truly free, and corporate repositories are sometimes referred to as digital libraries. Digital archives Physical archives differ from physical libraries in several ways. Traditionally, archives are defined as 1. Containing primary starts of information (typically letters and papers instantaneously produced by an individual or organization) rather than the secondary sources prove in a library (books, periodicals, etc. ). 2. Having their contents organized in groups rather than individual items. 3.Having unique contents. The technology used to create digital libraries is even more revolutionary for archives since it breaks down the second and trinity of these general rules. In other words, digital archives or online archives will simmer down generally contain primary sources, but they are promising to be described individually rather than (or in addition to) in groups or collections. Further, because they are digital their contents are easily reproducible and may indeed hav e been 1 Digital library reproduced from elsewhere.The Oxford Text Archive is generally considered to be the oldest digital archive of academic physical primary source materials. The future Large scale digitization drifts are underway at Google, the Million Book Project, and Internet Archive. With continued improvements in book handling and instauration technologies such as optical character recognition and ebooks, and development of alternative depositories and business models, digital libraries are fastly growing in popularity. Just as libraries have ventured into sound recording and video collections, so have digital libraries such as the Internet Archive.Google Books project recently received a court advantage on proceeding with their book-scanning project that was halted by the Authors guild. This helped open the road for libraries to work with Google to better reach patrons who are accustomed to computerized information. One factor that gave Google an advantage is the li braries fair use argument. According to Larry Lannom, Director of information Management applied science at the nonprofit Corporation should be for National Research Initiatives, all the problems associated with digital libraries are wrapped up in archiving. He goes on to state, If in 100 years mickle can still read your article, well have solve the problem. Daniel Akst, author of The Webster Chronicle, proposes that the future of libraries and of information is digital. Peter Lyman and Hal Varian, information scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, estimate that the worlds total yearly production of print, film, optical, and magnetic content would remove roughly 1. 5 billion gigabytes of storage. Therefore, they believe that soon it will be technologically possible for an average person to access virtually all put down information.11 Searching Most digital libraries provide a search interface which allows resourcefulnesss to be found. These resources are ty pically deep web (or invisible web) resources since they much cannot be located by search engine crawlers. Some digital libraries create special pages or sitemaps to allow search engines to find all their resources. Digital libraries frequently use the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH) to expose their metadata to other digital libraries, and search engines like Google Scholar, Yahooand Scirus can also use OAI-PMH to find these deep web resources. 12 There are two general strategies for searching a federation of digital libraries 1. distributed searching, and 2. searching antecedently harvested metadata. Distributed searching typically involves a client sending multiple search requests in parallel to a number of servers in the federation. The results are gathered, duplicates are eliminated or clustered, and the remaining items are sorted and presented back to the client. Protocols like Z39. 50 are frequently used in distributed searching.A benefit t o this approach is that the resource-intensive tasks of indexing and storage are left over(p) to the respective servers in the federation. A drawback to this approach is that the search mechanism is limited by the different indexing and ranking capabilities of each database, making it difficult to accumulate a combined result consisting of the most relevant found items. Searching over previously harvested metadata involves searching a locally stored index of information that has previously been collected from the libraries in the federation.When a search is performed, the search mechanism does not need to make connections with the digital libraries it is searching it already has a local pattern of the information. This approach demands the creation of an indexing and harvesting mechanism which operates regularly, connecting to all the digital libraries and querying the whole collection in order to discover new and updated resources. OAI-PMH is frequently used by digital librari es for allowing metadata to be harvested.A benefit to this approach is that the search mechanism has full control over indexing and ranking algorithms, possibly 2 Digital library allowing more consistent results. A drawback is that harvesting and indexing systems are more resource-intensive and therefore expensive. Frameworks The formal reference models include the DELOS Digital Library Reference Model13 and the Streams, Structures, Spaces, Scenarios, Societies (5S) formal framework. 14 The Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS) provides a framework to address digital preservation.15 Construction and organization fancy also Digital Collections Selection Criteria. Software There are a number of software packages for use in general digital libraries, for notable ones see Digital library software. Institutional repository software, which focuses primarily on ingest, preservation and access of locally produced documents, particularly locally produced academic ou tputs, can be found in Institutional repository software. This software may be proprietary, as is the case with the Library of Congress which uses Digiboard and CTS to manage digital content.Digitization In the one-time(prenominal) few years, procedures for digitizing books at high speed and comparatively low cost have improved considerably with the result that it is now possible to digitize millions of books per year. 16 Google book-scanning project 17 is also working with libraries to offer digitize books pushing forward on the digitize book realm. Advantages The advantages of digital libraries as a means of easily and rapidly accessing books, archives and images of various types are now widely recognized by commercial interests and public bodies alike.18 Traditional libraries are limited by storage property digital libraries have the potential to store much more information, simply because digital information removes very diminished physical space to contain it. As such, the cost of maintaining a digital library can be much lower than that of a tralatitious library. A physical library must croak large sums of money paying for staff, book maintenance, rent, and additional books. Digital libraries may reduce or, in some instances, do away with these fees.Both types of library require cataloguing input to allow users to locate and retrieve material. Digital libraries may be more willing to adopt innovations in technology providing users with improvements in electronic and audio book technology as well as presenting new forms of communication such as wikis and blogs conventional libraries may consider that providing online access to their OPAC catalogue is sufficient. An important advantage to digital conversion is increased accessibility to users.They also increase approachability to individuals who may not be traditional patrons of a library, due to geographic location or organizational affiliation. No physical boundary. The user of a digital library need not to go to the library physically people from all over the world can gain access to the same information, as long as an Internet connection is available. Round the clock availability A major advantage of digital libraries is that people can gain access 24/7 to the information. Multiple access. The same resources can be used simultaneously by a number of institutions and patrons.This may not be the case for right of first publicationed material a library may have a license for lending out moreover one copy at a time this is achieved with a system of digital rights management where a resource can deform inaccessible after expiration of the lending period or after the lender chooses to make it inaccessible (equivalent to returning the 3 Digital library resource). Information retrieval. The user is able to use any search term (word, phrase, title, name, subject) to search the entire collection.Digital libraries can provide very easy interfaces, giving clickable access t o its resources. Preservation and conservation. Digitization is not a long-term preservation solution for physical collections, but does succeed in providing access copies for materials that would other fall to degradation from repeated use. Digitized collections and born-digital objects pose many preservation and conservation concerns that analog materials do not. Please see the following Problems section of this page for examples. Space.Whereas traditional libraries are limited by storage space, digital libraries have the potential to store much more information, simply because digital information requires very little physical space to contain them and media storage technologies are more affordable than ever before. Added value. Certain characteristics of objects, primarily the quality of images, may be improved. Digitization can enhance legibility and remove visible flaws such as stains and discoloration. 19 Easily accessible. Challenges Digital preservation.Digital preservation aims to ensure that digital media and information systems are still interpretable into the indefinite future. Each necessary component of this must be migrated, preserved or emulated. 20 Typically lower levels of systems (floppy disks for example) are emulated, bit-streams (the actual files stored in the disks) are preserved and operating systems are emulated as a virtual machine. Only where the meaning and content of digital media and information systems are well understood is migration possible, as is the case for office documents.2122 However, at least one organization, the WiderNet Project, has created an offline digital library, the eGranary, by reproducing materials on a 4 TB hard drive. Instead of a bit-stream environment, the digital library contains a built-in proxy server and search engine so the digital materials can be accessed using an Internet browser. Also, the materials are not preserved for the future. The eGranary is intended for use in places or situations where Internet connectivity is very slow, non-existent, unreliable, unsuitable or too expensive. procure and licensing Digital libraries are hampered by copyright law because, unlike with traditional printed works, the laws of digital copyright are still being formed. The republication of material on the web by libraries may require permission from rights holders, and there is a conflict of interest between libraries and the publishers who may wish to create online versions of their acquired content for commercial purposes. In 2010, it was estimated that twenty-three percent of books in existence were created before 1923 and thus out of copyright.Of those printed after this date, only five percent were still in print as of 2010. Thus, approximately seventy-two percent of books were not available to the public. 23 There is a dilution of responsibility that occurs as a result of the distributed nature of digital resources. Complex intellectual property matters may become involved since dig ital material is not always owned by a library. 24 The content is, in many cases, public domain or unprompted content only. Some digital libraries, such as Project Gutenberg, work to digitize out-of-copyright works and make them freely available to the public.An estimate of the number of distinct books still existent in library catalogues from 2000 BC to 1960, has been made. 25 The Fair Use Provisions (17 USC 107) under the Copyright Act of 1976 provide specific guidelines under which circle libraries are allowed to copy digital resources. Four factors that constitute fair use are Purpose of the use, Nature of the work, Amount or substantiality used and securities industry impact. 26 4 Digital library Some digital libraries acquire a license to lend their resources.This may involve the restriction of lending out only one copy at a time for eachlicense, and applying a system of digital rights management for this purpose (see also above). The Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 19 98 was an act created in the United States to attempt to deal with the introduction of digital works. This Act incorporates two treaties from the year 1996.It criminalizes the attempt to circumvent measures which limit access to copyrighted materials. It also criminalizes the act of attempting to circumvent access control. 27 This act provides an exemption for nonprofit libraries and archives which allows up to three copies to be made, one of which may be digital.This may not be made public or distributed on the web, however. Further, it allows libraries and archives to copy a work if its format becomes obsolete. 28 Copyright issues persist. As such, proposals have been put forward suggesting that digital libraries be exempt from copyright law. Although this would be very beneficial to the public, it may have a negative economic kernel and authors may be less inclined to create new works. 29 Another issue that complicates matters is the desire of some publishing houses to restrict the use of digit materials such as e-books purchased by libraries.Whereas with printed books, the library owns the book until it can no longer be circulated, publishers want to limit the number of times an e-book can be check out out before the library would need to repurchase that book. HarperCollins began licensing use of each e-book copy for a maximum of 26 loans. This affects only the most popular titles and has no practical effect on others. After the limit is reached, the library can repurchase access rights at a lower cost than the original price. 30 magical spell from a publishing perspective, this sounds like a good balance of library lending and protecting themselves from a feared decrease in book sales, libraries are not set up to monitor their collections as such. They acknowledge the increased demand of digital materials available to patrons and the desire of a digital library to become expand to include best sellers, but publisher licensing may hinder the process Met adata creation In traditional libraries, the ability to find works of interest is directly related to how well they were cataloged.While cataloging electronic works digitized from a librarys existing holding may be as simple as copying or moving a record from the print to the electronic form, complex and born-digital works require substantially more effort. To handle the growing quite a little of electronic publications, new tools and technologies have to be designed to allow effective automated semantic classification and searching. While full text search can be used for some items, there are many common catalog searches which cannot be performed using full text, including finding texts which are translations of other texts. linking texts published under pseudonyms to the real authors (Samuel Clemens and Mark Twain, for example) differentiating non-fiction from parody (The Onion from The New York Times, for example). References 1 Greenstein, Daniel I. , Thorin, Suzanne Elizabet h. The Digital Library A Biography (http/ / www. clir. org/ PUBS/ reports/ pub109/ pub109. pdf). Digital Library Federation (2002) ISBN 1-933645-18-0. finded June 25, 2007. 2 http/ / www. delos. info 3 http/ / www. dlorg. eu 4 L. Candela, G. Athanasopoulos, D. Castelli, K. El Raheb, P. Innocenti, Y.Ioannidis, A. Katifori, A. Nika, G. Vullo, S. Ross The Digital Library Reference Model. April 2011 ( PDF (http/ / bscw. research-infrastructures. eu/ pub/ bscw. cgi/ d222816/ D3. 2b Digital Library Reference Model. pdf)) 5 L. Candela et al. The DELOS Digital Library Reference Model Foundations for Digital Libraries. Version 0. 98, February 2008 ( PDF (http/ / www. delos. info/ files/ pdf/ ReferenceModel/ DELOS_DLReferenceModel_0. 98. pdf)) 6 L. Candela, G. Athanasopoulos, D. Castelli, K. El Raheb, P. Innocenti, Y. Ioannidis, A. Katifori, A. Nika, G. Vullo, S.Ross The Digital Library Reference Model. April 2011, 17. ( PDF (http/ / bscw. research-infrastructures. eu/ pub/ bscw. cgi/ d222 816/ D3. 2b Digital Library Reference Model. pdf)) 5 Digital library 7 Kahn, R. E. , & Cerf, V. G. (1988). The Digital Library Project Volume I The World of Knowbots, (DRAFT) An Open Architecture For a Digital Library System and a Plan For Its Development (http/ / hdl. handle. net/ 4263537/ 2091). Reston, VA Corporation for National Research Initiatives. 8 Edward A. Fox. The Digital Libraries Initiative Update and Discussion.(http/ / www.asis. org/ Bulletin/ Oct-99/ fox. html), Bulletin of the America Society of Information Science, Vol. 26, No 1, October/November 1999. 9 Candela, L. Castelli, D. & Pagano, History, Evolution and Impact of Digital Libraries (http/ / www. igi-global. com/ viewtitle. aspx? titleid=47467& sender=4dcefe4d-ef33-4836-8eea-f02af2cc374d). In P. Iglezakis, I. Synodinou, T. & Kapidakis, S. (ed. ) E-Publishing and Digital Libraries Legal and Organizational Issues, IGI Global, 2011, 1- 30 10 Yi, Esther, Inside the Quest to Put the Worlds Libraries Online (htt p/ / www. theatlantic.com/ entertainment/ archive/ 2012/ 07/ inside-the-quest-to-put-the-worlds-libraries-online/ 259967/ ), The Atlantic, July 26, 2012. 11 Akst, D. (2003). The Digital Library Its Future Has Arrived. Carnegie Reporter, 2(3), 4-8. 12 Koehler, AEC. Some Thoughts on the Meaning of Open Access for University Library Technical Services Serials Review Vol. 32, 1, 2006, p. 17 13 Agosti, M. , Candela, L. , Castelli, D. , Ferro, N. , Ioannidis, Y. , Koutrika, G. , Meghini, C. , Pagano, P. , Ross, S. , Schek, H. -J. , & Schuldt, H. (2006). A Reference Model for DLMSs meanwhile Report. In L. Candela, & D.Castelli (Eds. ), Deliverable D1. 4. 2 Reference Model for Digital Library Management Systems Draft 1. DELOS, A Network of Excellence on Digital Libraries IST-2002-2. 3. 1. 12, Technology-enhanced Learning and Access to Cultural Heritage. Online at http/ / 146. 48. 87. 1228003/ OLP/ Repository/ 1. 0/ Disseminate/ delos/ 2006_WP1_D142/ content/ pdf? version=1 14 Goncalves, M. A. , Fox, E. A. , Watson, L. T. , & Kipp, N. A. (2004). Streams, Structures, Spaces, Scenarios, Societies (5S) A Formal Model for Digital Libraries. ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS),22 (2), 270-312.15 The DSpace team recognized the value of the OAIS framework and recast the repositorys architecture to accommodate this archival framework 16 Committee on Institutional Cooperation fusion announced between CIC and Google (http/ / www. cic. uiuc. edu/ programs/ CenterForLibraryInitiatives/ Archive/ PressRelease/ LibraryDigitization/ index. shtml), 6 June 2007, Retrieved 7. 17 http/ / www. google. com/ googlebooks/ library. html 18 European Commission steps up efforts to put Europes memory (http/ / europa. eu/ rapid/ pressReleasesAction. do?reference=IP/ 06/ 253& type=HTML& aged=0& language=EN& guiLanguage=en) on the Web via a European Digital Library Europa press release, 2 March 2006 19 Gertz, Janet. Selection for Preservation in the Digital Age. Library Resources & T echnical Services. 44(2) (2000)97-104. 20 Cain, Mark. Managing Technology Being a Library of Record in a Digital Age, Journal of Academic Librarianship 296 (2003). 21 Breeding, Marshall. Preserving Digital Information. . Information Today 195 (2002). 22 Teper, Thomas H. Where Next? semipermanent Considerations for Digital Initiatives. Kentucky Libraries 65(2)(2001)12-18. 23 Van Le, Christopher, Opening the Doors to Digital Libraries A Proposal to Exempt Digital Libraries From the Copyright Act, Case Western Reserve Journal of Law, Technology & The Internet, 1. 2 (Spring 2010),135. 24 Pymm, Bob. Building Collections for All Time The Issue of Significance. Australian Academic & Research Libraries. 37(1) (2006)61-73. 25 Antique Books (http/ / www. antiquebooks. net/ datatop. html) 26 Hirtle, Peter B. , Digital Preservation and Copyright, (http/ / fairuse. stanford. edu/ commentary_and_analysis/ 2003_11_hirtle.html) Stanford University Libraries. Retrieved October 24, 2011. 27 United S tates Copyright mightiness, The Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998 U. S. Copyright Office Summary (http/ / www. copyright. gov/ legislation/ dmca. pdf) 1998, 2. 28 United States Copyright Office, The Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998 U. S. Copyright Office Summary (http/ / www. copyright. gov/ legislation/ dmca. pdf) 1998, 15. 29 Van Le, Christopher, Opening the Doors to Digital Libraries A Proposal to Exempt Digital Libraries From the Copyright Act, Case Western Reserve Journal of Law, Technology & The Internet, 1.2 (Spring 2010),145. 30 STROSS, RANDALL. For Libraries and Publishers, an E-Book Tug of War NYTimes. com. The New York Times Breaking News, World News & Multimedia. N. p. , n. d. Web. 6 Mar. 2013. 6 Digital library External links CNRI-DARPA D-Lib clipping (http//www. dlib. org/) Electronic publication that primarily focuses on digital library research and development http//www. librittio. com Worlds Most Advanced Professional Digital Library System / Democratization of LiteratureThe Rise of the Digital Libraries on the Internet (http//www. reflectionedu.com/ attachments/File/Barnolipi/EngT_8_11. pdf) by Tarun Tapas Mukherjee.From BARNOLIPI An Interdisciplinary Journal, Volume I, Issue II, 2011. http//fbc. pionier. net. pl/ Search Engine of justify Resources, available online in Polish Digital Libraries (http//www. barnolipi. com/) Conferences TPDL (http//www. tpdl. eu/) International Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries ECDL (http//ecdlconference. isti. cnr. it/) European Conference on Digital Libraries ICADL (http//www. icadl. org/) International Conference on Asian Digital Libraries JCDL (http//www. jcdl.org/) ACM and IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries ICSD (http//www. icsd-conference. org/) International Conference for Digital Libraries and the Semantic Web 7 Article Sources and Contributors Article Sources and Contributors Digital library Sourcehttp//en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? ol did=570781509 Contributors April, 24fan24, 2A001620C050C8B01C9B27C17990, A. B. , Aap3030, Aarontay, Abdullah Albluchi, Acc60, Adoniscik, Afl2784, Aladin p, Alain Caraco, Alaniaris, Alexius08, Alf7e, Andrejj, Andy Dingley, Andyjsmith, Aragor, Arctic Kangaroo, Artdhtml, Ashenfelder, Ata, Ata.rehman, Azpayel, BadBull, Badan barman, Baileycw, Beetstra.BlindWanderer, Bob103051, Bomzhik, Bonadea, Bujar, Buridan, CVCE, Candela, Catfoo, Cej10, Ceyockey, Charivari, Chhotu372, Choukimath, Coldmachine, CommonsDelinker, Conversion script, Creationlaw, Curious1i, CutOffTies, Cwconservation, DGG, DaGizza, DabMachine, Dalf, Danny lost, Dawnseeker2000, DebbieWiLS, Deborah-jl, Denverjeffrey, Diglibs, Disavian, Djstasiewski, Dlkwiki, Dthomsen8, Dylan furnas, Eanc, Eilthireach, Enduser, Epbr123, Erianna, Evil saltine, Fatalityonline, Feedmecereal, Femto, Filterking.Floating red, Fmccown, Gaius Cornelius, Galka, Gareth Owen, Gego, Gouwepv, Greenrd, Greenteablues, Grika, Harris7, Hhanke, Hiogui, Hollym organelli, Hu12, Ilsessay, Ipigott, Irbisgreif, Irishguy, Ithinkhelikesit, Ixfd64, JLaTondre, JakobVoss, Jaqian, Jchang12, Jeremykemp, Jewers, Jo 316, John, John Hubbard, Jpbowen, Jpom, Jsweetin, Jua Cha, Jweise, Kanags, Kansoku, Karen Johnson, Kattmamma, Katywatson, Kbel32, Kggy, Killian441, Kinu, Klemen Kocjancic, Ktr101, LadislavNK, Lawandtech, Lawsonstu, LeeNapier, Leonardo. candela, Loonymonkey, Lquilter, Ltfhenry, Lyc.Cooperi, Lysy, MBisanz, MK8, Maristella. agosti, Marselan, Martinlc, Masgatotkaca, Materialscientist, Mboverload, Mcanabalb, Mean as custard, Mets501, mica Gomes, Michael Hardy, Mike. lifeguard, Missenc, Mmj, Mogh, Morbusgravis, Mordsan, MrOllie, Mseem, Mwisotzky, Mxn, Mairtin, Ncschistory, Nealmcb, NeilN, Neilc, Neo3DGfx,Nigholith, Night eule, Noisy, NorwalkJames, Notinasnaid, Nurg, OSU1980, Oicumayberight, OlEnglish, Olexandr Kravchuk, Olgerd, Omegatron, Pamplemousse, Patrick, PeepP, Phauly, Pinethicket, Pinkadelica, Poindexter Propellerhead, Poor Yorick, Praja pati Reena, Ps07swt, Ptgraham, Puckly, Padraic MacUidhir, Quadell, RJBurkhart3, Racheltaketa, Raghith, Rajankila, Rich Farmbrough, Richard Arthur Norton (1958- ).Rickprelinger, Rlitwin, Robert Thibadeau, Rozek19, Russell Square, SRHMGSLP, Sander Sade, Sandox, Sayeedmd, Senu, Sfiga, Shanes, Shyamal, SimonP, Skomorokh, Skysmith, Smmurphy, Spdegabrielle, Stbalbach, Stephen Burnett, Stephen Gilbert, Stevertigo, Strabon, StradivariusTV, Stuartyeates, Supersion, Svchameli, TWWhiting, TakuyaMurata, Targi, Tentinator, The Anome, The Evil Spartan, TheNewPhobia, Thebt, Thingg, Timeshifter.Tl246, Tlearn, Trapow, Travczyk, Treemonster19, Tregoweth, Trek011, Ttm1974, User A1, Utcursch, Vamshi 12345, Vanprooi, Vector Potential, Vicky877, Victorlamp, Viriditas, Volphy, WJetChao, Wavelength, Wayland, Wikiborg, Wmahan, Wya, YVSREDDY, Yerpo, Yosri, Zack wadghiri, Zundark, Zzuuzz, 302 anonymous edits License Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3. 0 //creativecommons. org/licenses/by-sa/3. 0/ 8.

Advertisements Essay

Advertisements surround us in our everyday lives, they have become so integrated in our society that there is al roughly nowhere you can venture without their presence. In my opinion, it doesnt fulfill its primary purpose to provide the customers with information about products. Some opponents of advertisements even postulate that most advertisers use unethical ways to establish a need for their products thus encouraging them to buy more and more. To achieve that, advertisers use countless means, much(prenominal) as aggressive advertising, to catch the customers eye.Its a widespread opinion, that too much advertising is a significant problem nowadays. Its difficult to argue that, with an increasing part of the broadcasting time devoted to commercials, they are becoming extremely annoying. Moreover, a lot of them have special subtle slogans that linger in the brain so that it seems you will never get rid of them. At the same time, such contempt for advertising couldnt be fully jus tified. Being a mixture of media and art, it can be regarded as a modern form of art.For example, the Night of Advertising Predators, a festival of the most ingenious commercials from all over the world, in my opinion, really deserves admiration. From my own point of view, though having always been an opponent of advertising, I often find myself watching a selection of the most creative commercials on the Internet. I strongly believe that its high time all people woke up to the fact, that advertising is non as disgusting as they think.

Patients Dealing with Poverty Essay

want affects almost half the world. Over three billion masses put out on less than $2.50 a day (Global Issues). The United States, one of the wealthiest nations in the world, accounts for almost 12% of these statistics. In addition to these people, a nonher 50 million atomic number 18 near meagreness level. Even more alarming, fit to the 1999 Census Bureau, over 16% of either children in the United States live in exiguity rhythm the recorded 12% of adults (Yahoo Health). I chose to write nearly people sustainment with exiguity because God has authentically placed the leave on my heart this year. Last May, my father lost his job and became homeless. I am happy to say he is now employed and looking for housing. After seeing the effects of poverty first hand, I learn felt tremendously compelled to r to each one out to those in need. I do applied for an Episcopal Urban Intern Program through AmeriCorps and if I am accepted, I exit be working with them starting in August.G od has really blessed me with a heart of benevolence and understanding, and I want to use that gift to serve others to the silk hat of my ability. Poverty is a global issue that affects each corner of our world. There ar an endless amount of people suffering in e very county and many issues to be discussed. Because there be so many people affected worldwide, I am only if going to focus on the effects in the United States for this essay. So, what is poverty? Poverty undersurface be defined in several different ways. According to the US Census Bureau, poverty is mensurable in numbers. Any person living on a yearly income of $11,136 or under (add $2,820 for each additional person in the household) is considered to be in poverty (US Census 2010). However, the social definition of poverty is any person living with a lack of essential items such as food, clothing, water, and shelter (Think Quest). minority racial and ethnic groups are more than more likely to live in poverty.Als o, poverty is much more prevalent in single, female-headed households (Yahoo Health). It is extremely important to be educated about the kinds of people living in poverty, especially if you are a wellness dole out worker, because the effects of their financial status greatly push their well-being. Individuals living at or near poverty level suffer a variety of inveterate ailments. They a lot have no health insurance so they rely on emergency board for billing and often do non fill their prescriptions. They frequently postpone getting medical care due to lack of insurance and also have shorter life spans (Society of Teachers of Family Medicine). For every small decrease in income we see a signifi toleratet decrease in health outcome. A nonher big concern of poverty-level individuals is that they are more likely to smoke and to live sedentary lifestyles ( swear Through Healing Hands). In a pick up done in year 2000, researchers found that more than one third of people living in poverty had a drug or alcohol problem. Also, more than half (56%) of those studied reported not having enough to eat at sometime in the last year (Society of Teachers of Family Medicine).Lack of nutrition, for any menses of time, can cause detrimental effects on the body such as weight loss, prink deterioration, and even death (Merck Manuals). Mental health issues such as depression and anxiety were also very prevalent in this study of poverty-stricken people. Something very interesting to me about this study is that in answer to interview questions about issues in daily life, personal health and/or access to health care services were the third most commonly cited concerns (employment and housing were the top two concerns). Among these health concerns, costs and health insurance coverage were the biggest issues raised. Nearly half of Americans whose incomes are below 150% of the poverty level are without insurance coverage. In contrast, only about 40% of those with incomes below 100% of the poverty level are without health insurance (Society of Teachers of Family Medicine). This is due to the target income range of government programs.Federal and state programs (such as Medicaid) protagonist tremendously with insuring those at poverty level. However, there are many others considered the working poor who do not qualify for these programs. These people all too often have to choose between compensable for meals and paying for health care. Those living in poverty that do have health insurance from government programs often have very limited coverage. Prescription medications and medical supplies (such as eyeglasses) are often not included. health care professionals often mistake those in poverty, especially those between the 150% 200% level range, as non-compliant patients (Society of Teachers of Family Medicine). Because people living in poverty often do not come in for preventative care, do not fill prescriptions, and fail to adhere to other recommendation s, they can easily be mistaken for deadly patients. It is a common misconception that they are ignorant to the importance of health care.It is imperative to understand that these individuals are doing the best they can with the finances and resources they have available. The main solution to health care problems those living in poverty face is a smorgasbord to our health care system. Coverage needs to be available to all members of society for all health needs. As healthcare workers, we are not all called to be change agents in the world for this cause. However, we can educate ourselves to better understand poverty so we can potentiometer effectively with those patients experiencing it. Americans almost always come out to be informed of poverty in under-developed countries. They also seem to be well-aware that poverty causes poor health. Still, many in the U.S. remain unaware that this problem exists in our unsophisticated as well (Hope Through Healing Hands). Healthcare provid ers can communicate effectively with poverty-stricken individuals by showing a genuine desire to assist and serve them.Developing a sense of empathy, not sympathy, for the person shows that you care for them rather than feel bad for them. It is important to understand that these individuals sense of time occurs only in the present. They rarely think of the future or what effects their present actions might have on them later in life (TFC Association). They live for today because that is all they have. It is best to project kindness to these individuals, as with any group of people. Another very effective tool for helping those living in poverty is providing resources. Researching free or low-cost programs in your community and sharing them with these patients is a great way to help. using appropriate humor is also a great way to lighten the mood and bring a smile to someones face that whitethorn be experiencing financial hardships (TFC Association).There are so many problems povert y brings upon an individual. Living with this burden can truly effect a person is so many ways. As a healthcare worker there is only so much we can do to assist people at these low-income levels. Although we can not provide a means for them financially or fix the living situation they are in, it is important to understand the impact we can have just by being compassionate. If you work in an office with ignorance to this issue, it is vital to inform those around you about the effects of poverty on health care. Before jumping to conclusions about a patient who is non-compliant, you may want to ask questions to find out if it is due to poverty. The key is to treat them with dignity and respect, regardless of their social status, and you really will make a difference.Works Cited1. Poverty Facts and Stats Global Issues. Global Issues Social, Political, Economic and environmental Issues That Affect Us All Global Issues. Web. 24 Mar. 2011. . 2. Poverty. Yahoo Health. Web. 24 Mar. 2011. . 3. Poverty Data Poverty Threshholds U.S Census Bureau. Census Bureau Home Page. Web. 24 Mar. 2011. . 4. Finding Solutions to Poverty. A Dollar a twenty-four hour period What Is Poverty? Web. 24 Mar. 2011. . 5. Understanding the Culture of Poverty. Society of Teachers of Family Medicine. Web. 24 Mar. 2011. . 6. Poverty and Healthcare Fatefully Linked. Hope Through Healing Hands. Web. 24 Mar. 2011. . 7. Undernutrition Disorders of Nutrition and Metabolism Merck Manual Home Edition. Merck & Co., Inc. Is a Global Research-driven pharmaceutical Products Company. Web. 24 Mar. 2011. . 8. Health Needs of People Living Below Poverty Level. Transplant Financial Coordinators. Web. 24 Mar. 2011. .

Britain Imperialism

Expansionism The interrogative when it comes to Britain and other empires, would be how they influenced and helped to fuel an entire race for an empires expansion. New imperialism began creation on continuous expend in the sasss in the European scale of things. Industrial powers or backings help create an empire of control. With whatsoever nation in history, new technology often equates to an increase in knowledge and power. There are in any case many factors that cause things as such as new imperialism.Those factors include things such as geopolitics, nationalism and economic factors. The effect on Britains decision to adopt this form of expansion was completely influenced by Europe, as all other countries eventually were. According to the noted Winston Churchill, give peace to warring tribes, to administer Justice where all was violence, to strike the chains off the slave, to draw the richness from the soil, to place the earliest seeds of employment and learning, to increase in whole communitys their capacities for pleasure and diminish their chances of pain. Snobbery, p. 149) Most of all nations would disagree that imperialism is good or beneficial to anyone elses country but their own. Whether it is the affects of Europe or non-European cultures and countries, imperialism seems to be beneficial on a life-size scale, which is why every country and culture wants control of it. There were many imperialist activities that took place indoors or concerning Britain in the 19th century. It is shown throughout Britains history the significant events that have led up to imperialism in this nation.Going back in early 19th hundreds, it is noted that the British did indeed force China into the opium avocation in the early sasss which in turned caused a shift to begin. Back in 1839-1841 and again in 1878-1880, the Bruits had gone to war with Afghanistan to protect its property in the form of POS and India, as well as the northern frontier. Originally Britain took over India back in 1825 and fought to maintain its control. Even earlier in history, many people requested and sought out the protection of Britain, including Malay Sultanates.Later n the twentieth century, in 1914, Britain completely controlled Malay. In a place called Borneo, Karakas had become under the ownership of an ex -Brim by the name of James Brooke, whom also was a solder for the East India Company. Furthermore and eventually in 1888, Saba became a British province. Within that alike(p) year, the former owner of Saba, Brunet also fell under British control. Reference

Compare and Cotrast the Characters of Gabriel Conroy and Michael Furey in “The Dead.”

Michal Furey have a go at itd Gretta so much that he, a (probably) tubercular thespian in a potentially carcinogenic workplace (the gasworks) risked his already fragile health to come kiosk in her back garden in a cold rain. He is so desperate to reckon Gretta before she leaves that he says he did not want to live. Gretta believes that he died for her, and it may well be the case. there is no mention of whether or not he wore galoshes, but if he did it didnt save him. He died a week after that last time he saw Gretta.Gabriel, however, is fond of the newfangled galoshes, and he is studious about his and his wifes health. Unlike Michael Furey, Gabriel seems to relish being alive. He is in love with his wife, but he too does not seem to harbor romantic notions about her. He did not like to say dismantle to himself that her face was no longer beautiful but he knew that it was no longer the face for which Michael Furey had braved death. Its unassailable to imagine Gabriel Conr oy braving death for anyone, and certainly not for romantic love.He seems too self-satisfied for that, but he in addition has, as many smug and contented people have, an element of self-loathing A shameful consciousness of his own person assailed him. He saw himself as a ludicrous figure, acting as a pennyboy for his aunts, a nervous wellmeaning sentimentalist, orating to vulgarians and idealising his own clownish lusts, the pitiable fatuous fellow he had caught a glimpse of in the mirror. It is difficult, in this last respect, to compare Michael Furey and Gabriel Conroy.Michael Furey died as a teenager, in all the passion of ill-health coupled with immaturity and intense romanticism. Gabriel is a grown man, a teacher, a father and husband, with all the cares, maturity, satisfactions, and even dashed illusions that that position conveys. Michael, the passionate lover of Gretta who sang, with a beautiful voice, the maudlin tune of The Lass of Aughrim had none of Gabriels life of lusty and, perhaps, stolid respectability and responsibility. Such circumstances change personalities.But, it is suggested by Joyces text, Michael and Gabriel shared little except their love for Gretta. Michael is headlong, talented, in ill-health, but also careless of life. Gabriel is, by comparison, careful, steady, respectable, and bent on the enjoyment of his possessions (especially Gretta) and his raised stead compared to many people around him. They seem to be of very different dipositions, and, at the end of the story, Gabriel and the referee are left to think whether Gretta would have been happier with Michael Furey, had he lived.

“Hunger Games” Movie vs Book

The starve Games The Hunger Games is the prime(prenominal) new(a) of The Hunger Games series written by Suzanne Collins in 2008. This wise is written in the first person point of view of the main character, Katniss Everdeen. Throughout the story, Katnisss opinions are made clear to the interview. This thought-provoking novel shares Katnisss struggles and overall victory of the 74th Annual Hunger Games. The Hunger Games story takes place in a post-apocalyptic society. The Capitol is a highly advance city that holds reign over the 12 districts.The Hunger Games is an one-year contest hosted by the Capitol in which each district offers one boy and girl chosen by lottery or by choice, if willing. These tributes fight to the death in an arena where they have to fight for weapons and necessities for survival. squeamish Everdeen, Katnisss sister, is chosen by lottery to be tribute for soil 12. Without hesitation, Katniss volunteers to be the tribute for district 12. Katniss and Peet a, the boy tribute from her district, are transported to the Capitol. This is where the audience gets to see the difference between the 12 districts.Katnisss district, District 12, is the poorest, where many people starve to death however, District 1 is the wealthiest and dont face the like challenges as Katniss. The tributes from District 1 and 2 are trained from birth to be tributes in the Hunger Games. These Career tributes volunteer themselves to participate in the Hunger Games and believe it is an honor to serve their district. This story leads the audience in further when Peeta confesses his love for Katniss during the interviews held prior to the Games.When the Games begin, Katniss shows her true ability to survive in the wilderness. She uses her knowledge from living in District 12 to help her eat and sleep high in the trees. In the jump of the Hunger Games, Peeta forms an alliance with the Career tributes, while Katniss forms an alliance and friendship with grieve, the t ribute from District 11. After Rue is knock offed, Katniss is covering to surviving the games on her own until the announcer informs the tributes that two contestants can win if they are from the same district. Katniss finds Peeta and nurses him back to health.Fin partner, the save tributes that are left are Katniss, Peeta, and the Career Tribute from District 1. The tribute is eaten by mutations, which or so killed Katniss and Peeta. However, the tributes from District 12 are non out of the Games, because the announcer tells them that the rules have changed once again and now only one may be victor. When neither Katniss nor Peeta can kill each other, they decide to eat the dark lock berries which would kill them immediately. Quickly, the announcer declares that Katniss and Peeta are both the victors of the 74th Annual Hunger Games.The Hunger Games was later turned into a cinema in 2012. The book and the movie have several similarities. In both the movie and the novel, Katnis s volunteers for the Games, deliverance her sister Prim. Another comparison is the Capitols power amongst the 12 districts. The most important similarity is that in both the novel and the movie, Peeta states that he does not want the Games to change him, for he wants to stay true to himself. Katniss does not know how that is possible, until she participates in the Hunger Games.In both the movie and the novel, Peeta does not murder any other tributes during the Games. The novel has some major differences as well. The mockingjay pin that Katniss wears for good luck represents District 12. In the book she receives this boon from the mayors daughter, Madge however, in the movie, Katniss receives this pin from her younger sister, Prim. Another difference is Katnisss relationship with her ally Rue. In the book, the author emphasizes their relationship and how they work together as a team during the Hunger Games.However, in the movie they keep their relationship short. The last differenc e occurs at the end of the novel. In the novel the beasts that kill the last tribute are called muttations. There are 9 of these beasts which resemble the fallen tributes. In the movie they are just beastly looking mutated dogs. The Hunger Games is a great book. It shows the differences in social stratum and has many underlying meanings. The movie was just as good and follows the plot very well. It was a fine more futuristic looking than I had imagined from the novel, but still captured the overall theme well.

Fundamental Techniques In Handling People

He or she also does not want to let the unhappy result to be happened. Hence, the first part has taught me that prudence which is a value known as practical wisdom ought to be implemented by eachone of us. I start out learned that someone has to think twice or thrice before he or she behaves and talks. This is because great deal testament remember what we talked to them especi all in ally the complaint and praise. Criticism and blaming will make people feel very down, angry, and even to be discouraged.Besides, I learnt to think deliberately with c areful publicner in order to give out the most appropriate responses when dealing with different people under different situations. Prudence is the exact opposite of impulsiveness and rashness. If we do not think deeply before our every action or speech, we may hurt someones fragile feeling as humans are creatures of emotion who have high self-esteem. Humans are always afraid of criticism, prejudices, and complaint. Most of us are n ot willing to face the imperfect side of us but always wish to taste good words from separates. M pronounceing not to blame others of their faults even the serious ones. However, I try to stand in their shoes and understand their difficulties by showing loving kindness. We should not expect each exculpateness from the God f we are not willing to forgive others offenses. From this, have learned to forgive people without any criticism, complaint, and judgment. I learnt to announce good words of others instead of learning how to gossip rough people and talk about their bad words. Like what Benjamin Franklin has mentioned about that he only speak all the good things he know of everybody and would not speak ill of anyone.I was so amazed by the way of wharfage Hoover in giving response to the careless young man subsequently the mechanic fueled in jet fuel rather than gasoline to propeller plane. This famous pilot, Bob Hoover gave a second chance to that young man in servicing his F-51 on the close day. Bob knew criticism and scolding only can produce futility and resentment. This will cause the person who is beingness criticized tends to justy himself or herself even lose their confidence when having daily performances in workplaces, at home, in school, and et. Tetra In other words, criticism may bring out unpleasant past experiences to some people, this may thrusting them into a wrong route which involve in various illegal activities. I have agnise angriness can be aroused by criticism. Thus, people would be demoralized as anger sakes a bad situation to be worse. I will avoid criticizing people. On the other hand, veracity has to be shown in praising and appreciating others drift. Never ignore the good deeds people have make to us. Showing our gustatory perception actually is a kind of gratitude.Sense of appreciation and thanks for people generous acts are commensurate to satisfy the desire to be important in human. The desire to be great is the strongest natural desire of everyone. Have learned to encourage my surrounding people with sincere appreciation because the one who receives the encouragement and appreciation will keep n doing the right thing. If one does not get any attention from anyone aft(prenominal) giving so much, that person will definitely feel very disappointed because all of their effort came out with nothing.Being sincere and not fake in praising people, this is also showing approval to a person. Flattering people to win friends is an act of doing harm to people. I learnt to understand people feelings of not being acknowledged, so honest and sincere appreciation are like very important gifts to everyone. A great man should not be self-centered as he or she should always care about others. We engage to care about others needs and help people to solve their problem are the acts to arouse in the other person an eager want.By expressing our enthusiasm and passion to find out the root reason of create som eones problem as well as their wants, we can be a friendly and helpful person. I also learnt to be thoughtful of people point of view without mention and emphasize my own ideas only. I am trying to make my ideas to become others inspiration in creating more great ideas. If we are really deficient and hoping to get the helping hands from others, we must know about what they ant at first. While confronting any disagreement, the wise action is keeping a cool-head which means to be rational in handling the fact situation.We need to calm down in order to think of the best way in get by with the difficult condition. To avoid any argument, I have learned that we have to give priority to the other party instead of ourselves. The author, Mr.. Dale Carnegie described his past experience of negotiating with a hotel manager. The manager increased his rent for the dance palace to 300 percent. Then, he communicated with the hotel manager in a polite way by stating out all the advantages and di sadvantages that were going to accrue the manager.In the end, both parties gained what they wanted. Carnegie merely discussed what the other person wanted and how he could get it without accept tantrum to the manager in office. Before persuading people, ones must clearly know the benefits and disadvantages of both parties. In brief, I am so sure that the several basic skills in handling people I have learned in this chapter will enable me to get a good job after receive as the employers nowadays are searching for employees who are able to deal with people skillfully. (999 words)